CULTIVATION OF SWEET PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.) TRANSPLANTS UNDER HIGH PRESSURE SODIUM LAMPS SUPPLEMENTED BY LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES OF VARIOUS WAVELENGTHS
Aistė Bagdonavičienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of HorticultureAušra Brazaitytė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of HorticultureAkvilė Viršilė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of HorticultureGiedrė Samuolienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of HorticultureJulė Jankauskienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of HorticultureRamūnas Sirtautas
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of HorticultureSandra Sakalauskienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of HorticultureJurga Miliauskienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of HorticultureNijolė Maročkienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of HorticulturePavelas Duchovskis
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of HorticultureAbstract
In greenhouses, artificial lighting is applied in winter and early spring as supplementary light source to increase photosynthesis and plant growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cultivation of sweet pepper transplants under LED lamps that were developed to supplement HPS lamps used in greenhouses. The experiments were carried out in the greenhouses at the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture. Sweet peppers (Capsicum annuum) L. cultivar ‘Reda’ and the hybrid ‘Figaro’ F1 were used for investigation. Four types of solid-state lamps were used with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with peak emissions at blue 455 nm and 470 nm, cyan 505 nm, and green 530 nm. PPFD of each type of LED lamp was 15 μmol m-2 s-1, and the PPFD of HPS lamps was 90 μmol m-2 s-1. The reference transplants were grown under the illumination of HPS lamps (110 μmol m-2 s-1). The photoperiod of artificial lighting was maintained at 18 hours. Our experiments revealed different responses to supplemental LED lightings between the cultivar and the hybrid. The supplemental 470 nm
illumination with HPS lamps mostly resulted in increases in the following areas: leaf area, fresh and dry weight, and the photosynthetic pigment content of the sweet pepper ‘Reda’ transplants. A similar positive effect was determined using supplemental 455 and 505 nm LED lights. However, the supplemental green 530 nm LED lights had no effect on growth, and they inhibited the development of the sweet pepper ‘Reda’ transplants. The HPS light had a positive effect on the growth parameters of the ‘Figaro’ F1 transplants, but all of the supplemental LED lights suppressed their growth and development.
Keywords:
chlorophyll, hypocotyl, growth, leaf dry weigh, root/shoot ratioReferences
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Sirtautas, R., Virsile, A., Samuoliene, G., Samuolienė, G., Brazaitytė, A., Miliauskiene, J., Sakalauskiene, S., Duchovskis, P. (2014). Growing of leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under highpressure sodium lamps with supplemental blue, cyan and green LEDs. Žemdirbystė-Agriculture, 101(1), 75–78.
Spaargaren, J.J. (2001). Supplemental lighting for greenhouse crops. Ontario, Canada.
Terashima, I., Fujita, T., Inoue, T., Chow, W.S., Oguchi, R. (2009). Green light drives leaf photosynthesis more efficiently than red light in strong white light: revisiting the enigmatic question of why leaves are green. J. Plant Cell Physiol., 50, 684–697.
Van Ieperen, W. (2012). Plant morphological and developmental responses to light quality in a horticultural context. In: VII International Symposium on Light in Horticultural Systems, 956, 131–139.
Wada, M., Shimazaki, K., Iino, M. (2005). Light sensing in plants. Yamada Science Foundation and Springer-Verlag, Tokyo.
Wenke, L. (2012). Light environmental management for artificial protected horticulture. Agrotechnology, 1, 101.
Wheeler, R.M. (2008). A historical background of plant lighting: an introduction to the workshop. HortSci., 43(7), 1942–1743.
Xiaoying, L. Shirong, G. Taotao, C. Zhigang, X. Tezuka, T. (2014). Regulation of the growth and photosynthesis of cherry tomato seedlings by different light irradiations of light emitting diodes (LED). African J. Biotechnol., 11(22), 6169–6177.
Žukauskas, A., Duchovskis, P. (2009). Phosphor conversion light-emitting diode for meeting photomorphogenetic needs of plants. European Patent Application EP2356702.
Babourina, O., Newman, I., Shabala, S. (2002). Blue light-induced kinetics of H+ and Ca2+ fluxes in etiolated wild-type and phototropin-mutant Arabidopsis seedlings. Proc. Nation. Acad. Sci., 99(4), 2433–2438.
Ballaré, C.L. (2014). Light regulation of plant defense. Plant Biol., 65(1), 335.
Bouly, J.P., Schleicher, E., Dionisio-Sese, M., Vandenbussche, F., Van Der Straeten, D., Bakrim, N., Meier, S., Batschauer, A., Galland, P., Bittl, R., Ahmad, M. (2007). Cryptochrome blue light photoreceptors are activated through interconversion of flavin redox states. JBC, 282(13), 9383–9391.
Brazaitytė, A., Duchovskis, P., Urbonavičiūtė, A. Samuolienė, G., Jankauskienė, J., Kasiulevičiūtė-Bonakėrė, A., Bliznikas, Z., Novičkovas, A., Breivė, K., Žukauskas, A. (2009). The effect of light-emitting diodes lighting on cucumber transplants and after-effect on yield. Žemdirbystė-Agriculture, 96(3), 102–118.
Brazaitytė, A., Duchovskis, P., Urbonavičiūtė, A., Samuoliene, G., Jankauskienė, J., Sakalauskaitė, J., Šabajevienė, G., Sirtautas, R., Novičkovas, A. (2010). The effect of light-emitting diodes lighting on the growth of tomato transplants. Žemdirbystė-Agriculture, 97(2), 89–98.
Carvalho, R.F. Takaki, M., Azevedo, R.A. (2011). Plant pigments: the many faces of light perception. Acta Physiol. Plant, 33, 241–248.
Dewhirst, S.Y., Birkett, M.A., Loza‐Reyes, E., Martin, J.L., Pye, B.J., Smart, L.E., Hardie, J., Pickett, J.A. (2012). Activation of defence in sweet pepper, Capsicum annum, by cis‐jasmone, and its impact on aphid and aphid parasitoid behaviour. Pest Manag. Sci., 68(10), 1419–1429.
Gavrilenko, V.F., Zigalova, T.V. (2003). Practice in photosynthesis. Moscow.
Głowacka, B. (2002). Effect of light colour on the growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) transplant. Acta. Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cutlus, 1(2), 93–103.
Głowacka B., 2004. The effect of blue light on the height and habit of the tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) transplant. Folia Horticult. Ann., 16(2), 3–10.
Gómez, C., Morrow, R.C., Bourget, C.M., Massa, G.D., Mitchell, C.A. (2013). Comparison of intracanopy light-emitting diode towers and overhead high-pressure sodium lamps for supplemental lighting of greenhouse-grown tomatoes. HortTech., 23(1), 93–98.
Hernández, R., Kubota, C. (2012). Tomato seedling growth and morphological responses to supplemental LED lighting red: blue ratios under varied daily solar light integrals. Acta Hortic., 956, 187–194
Hogewoning, S.W., Trouwborst, G., Maljaars, H., Poorter, H., Ieperen, W.V., Harbinson, J. (2010). Blue light dose-responses of leaf photosynthesis, morphology, and chemical composition of Cucumis sativus grown under different combinations of red and blue light. J. Exp. Bot., 61, 3107–3117.
Javanmardi, J., Emami, S. (2013). Response of Tomato and pepper transplants to light spectra provided by light emitting diodes. Internat. J. Veget. Sci., 19(2), 138–149.
Kim, H.H., Wheeler, R.M., Sager, J.C., Goins, G.D., Norikane, J.H. (2006). Evaluation of lettuce growth using supplemental green light with red and blue light-emitting diodes in a controlled environment – a review of research at Kennedy Space Center. Acta Hortic, 711, 111–119.
Kubota, C., Chia, P., Yang, Z, Li, Q. (2012). Applications of farred light emitting diodes in plant production under controlled environments. Acta Hortic., 952, 59–66.
Kuperman, F.M., Ržanova, E.I. (1985). Biologija razvitija kulturnyh rastenij (In Russ.), 1, 192.
Lau, O.S., Deng, X.W. (2010). Plant hormone signaling lightens up: integrators of light and hormones. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 13(5), 571–577.
Lee, S.W., Seo, J.M., Lee, M.K., Chun, J.H., Antonisamy, P., Arasu, M.V., Suzuki, T., Al-Dhabi, N.A., Kim, S.J. (2014). Influence of different LED lamps on the production of phenolic compounds in common and Tartary buckwheat sprouts. Indust. Crops Prod., 54, 320–326.
Li, J., Terzaghi, W., Deng, X.W. (2012). Genomic basis for light control of plant development. Prot. Cell., 3(2), 106–116.
Li, Q., Kubota, C. (2009). Effects of supplemental light quality on growth and phytochemicals of baby leaf lettuce. J. Environ. Exp. Bot, 67, 59–64.
Liu, X.Y., Chang, T.T., Guo, S.R., Xu Z.G., Li J. (2011). Effect of different light quality of LED on growth and photosynthetic character in cherry tomato seedling. Acta Hortic., 907, 325–330.
Macedo, A.F., Marcos, V.L., Tavares, E.S., Lage, C.L.S., Esquibel, M.A. (2011). The effect of light quality on leaf production and development of in vitro-cultured plants of Alternanthera brasiliana Kuntze. J. Environ. Exp. Bot., 70, 43–50.
Massa, G.D., Kim, H.-H., Wheeler, R.M., Mitchell, C.A. (2008). Plant productivity in response to LED lighting. HortSci., 43(7), 1 951–1 956.
Menard, C., Dorais, M., Hovi, T., Gosselin, A. (2006). Developmental and physiological responses of tomato and cucumber to additional blue light. Acta Hortic., 711, 291–296.
Mitchell, C.A. (2012). Plant lighting in controlled environments for space and earth applications. Acta Hortic., 956, 23–36.
Olle, M. Viršile, A. (2013). The effects of light-emitting diode lighting on greenhouse plant growth and quality. Agricult. Food Sci., 22(2), 223–234.
Randall, W.C., Lopez, R.G. (2014). Comparison of supplemental lighting from high-pressure sodium lamps and light-emitting diodes during bedding plant seedling production. HortSci., 49(5), 589–595.
Samuolienė, G., Brazaitytė, A., Duchovskis, P., Viršilė, A., Jankauskienė, J., Sirtautas, R., Novičkovas, A., Sakalauskienė, S., Sakalauskaitė, J. (2012). Cultivation of vegetable transplants using solid-state lamps for the short-wavelength supplementary lighting in greenhouses. Acta Hort., 952, 885–892.
Sirtautas, R., Virsile, A., Samuoliene, G., Samuolienė, G., Brazaitytė, A., Miliauskiene, J., Sakalauskiene, S., Duchovskis, P. (2014). Growing of leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under highpressure sodium lamps with supplemental blue, cyan and green LEDs. Žemdirbystė-Agriculture, 101(1), 75–78.
Spaargaren, J.J. (2001). Supplemental lighting for greenhouse crops. Ontario, Canada.
Terashima, I., Fujita, T., Inoue, T., Chow, W.S., Oguchi, R. (2009). Green light drives leaf photosynthesis more efficiently than red light in strong white light: revisiting the enigmatic question of why leaves are green. J. Plant Cell Physiol., 50, 684–697.
Van Ieperen, W. (2012). Plant morphological and developmental responses to light quality in a horticultural context. In: VII International Symposium on Light in Horticultural Systems, 956, 131–139.
Wada, M., Shimazaki, K., Iino, M. (2005). Light sensing in plants. Yamada Science Foundation and Springer-Verlag, Tokyo.
Wenke, L. (2012). Light environmental management for artificial protected horticulture. Agrotechnology, 1, 101.
Wheeler, R.M. (2008). A historical background of plant lighting: an introduction to the workshop. HortSci., 43(7), 1942–1743.
Xiaoying, L. Shirong, G. Taotao, C. Zhigang, X. Tezuka, T. (2014). Regulation of the growth and photosynthesis of cherry tomato seedlings by different light irradiations of light emitting diodes (LED). African J. Biotechnol., 11(22), 6169–6177.
Žukauskas, A., Duchovskis, P. (2009). Phosphor conversion light-emitting diode for meeting photomorphogenetic needs of plants. European Patent Application EP2356702.
Aistė Bagdonavičienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Aušra Brazaitytė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Akvilė Viršilė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Giedrė Samuolienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Julė Jankauskienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Ramūnas Sirtautas
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Sandra Sakalauskienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Jurga Miliauskienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Nijolė Maročkienė
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Pavelas Duchovskis
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture
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