EFFECTS OF BIOSTIMULATOR AND LEAF FERTILIZERS ON Prunus mahaleb L. STOCKPLANTS AND THEIR CUTTINGS
Veronika Szabó
Corvinus University of Budapest, HungaryCorvinus University of Budapest, HungaryZsuzsanna Németh
Corvinus University of Budapest, HungaryAnna Sárvári
Corvinus University of Budapest, HungaryGyörgy Végvári
Corvinus University of Budapest, HungaryKároly Hrotkó
Corvinus University of Budapest, HungaryAbstract
The effect of Kelpak® biostimulator, Wuxal® Ascofol and Pentakeep®-V leaf fertilizers were tested on Prunus mahaleb L. ‘Bogdány’ stockplants. Shoot production and characteristics, rooting and quality of their cuttings were evaluated. Biostimulator and fertilizers were sprayed four times on leaves before cuttings were taken. The number and fresh masses of the shoots, cutting weights, leaf chlorophyll indexes (SPAD) and indole-3-acetic-acid (IAA) levels in shoot tip were measured on stockplants. Rooting rates, IAA--levels in the rooting zone of cuttings, fresh and dry masses of rooted cuttings, both weights of the root and shoot were measured. Based on these results Kelpak® pretreatment could be considered as the most effective in improving the productivity of Prunus mahaleb L. stockplants, leaf chlorophyll indexes and IAA-level in shoot tip of stockplant and in cutting base. The stockplant pretreatment by Kelpak® increased both the single shoot mass and consequently the fresh mass of prepared cuttings. While these pretreatments alone did not affect the rooting rate, the pretreatment of shoots by Kelpak® and
Pentakeep®-V increased the dry mass production of cuttings during rooting. Kelpak® pretreatment affected the root dry mass positively, while Pentakeep®-V increased the shoot dry mass of rooted cuttings.
Keywords:
fresh and dry mass production, IAA-level, Kelpak®, Pentakeep®-V, pretreatment, rooting rate, stockplant productivity, Wuxal® AscofolReferences
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Bingshan L., Hotta Y., Yinglan Q., Jinsong Z., Tanaka T., Takeuchi Y., Konnai M., 1998. Effects of 5-Aminolevulic Acid on the Growth and Ripening of Wheat. J. Pesticide Sci., 23, 300–303.
Colapietra M., Alexander A., 2006. Effect of foliar fertilization on yield and quality of table grapes. Acta Horticult., 721, 213–218.
Crouch I.J., van Staden J., 1991. Evidence for rooting factors in a seaweed concentrate prepared from Ecklonia maxima. J. Plant Physiol., 137, 319–322.
Crouch I.J., Smith M.T., van Staden J., Lewis M.J., Hoad G.V., 1992. Identification of auxins in a commercial seaweed concentrate. J. Plant Physiol., 139, 590–594.
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Leakey R.R.B., Mohammed H.R.S., 1985. Effects of stem length on root initiation in sequential single-node cuttings of Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum. J. Hart. Sci., 60, 431–437.
Leakey R.R.B., Storeton-West R., 1992. The rooting ability of Triplochiton scleroxylon cuttings: the interaction between stockplant irradiance, light quality and nutrients. Forest Ecol. Manag., 49, 133–150.
Leakey R.R.B., 2004. Physiology of vegetative reproduction. Encyclopedia of Forest Sciences, 1655–1668.
Magingo F., Dick J.M.P., 2001. Propagation of two miombo woodland trees by leafy stem cuttings obtained from seedlings. Agroforest. Syst., 51, 49–55.
Memon S.A., Hou X., Wang L., Li. Y., 2009. Promotive effect of 5-aminolevuliniv acid on chlorophyll, antioxidative enzymes and photosynthesis of Pakchoi (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis var. communis Tsen et Lee). Acta Physiol. Plant., 31, 51–57.
Mesén F., Newton A.C., Leakey R.R.B., 1997. The effects of propagation environment and foliar areas on the rooting physiology of Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pavon) Oken cuttings. Trees, 11, 401–411.
Mesén F., Leakey R.R.B., Newton A.C., 2001. The influence of stockplant environment on morphology, physiology and rooting of leafy stem cuttings of Albizzia guachapele. New Forests, 22, 213–227.
Nishihara E., Kondo K., Parvez M.M., Takahashi K., Watanabe K., Tanaka K., 2002. Role of 5-aminolevulic acid (ALA) on active oxygen-scavening system in NaCl-treated spinach (Spinacia oleracea). J. Plant Physiol., 160, 1085–1091.
Papenfus H.B., Stirk W.A., Finnie J.F., van Staden J., 2012. Seasonal variation in the polyamines of Ecklonia maxima. Bot. Marina, 55(5), 539–546.
Rathore S.S., Chaudhary D.R., Boricha G.N., Ghosg A., Bhatt B.P., Zodape S.T., Patolia J.S., 2009. Effect of seaweed extract on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake of soybean (Glycine max) under rained condition. South Afr. J. Bot., 75, 351–355.
Sándor G., Rabnecz G., Hajagos Á., Nehiba B., 2008. IBA uptake and metabolism of different type of plum rootstocks hardwood cuttings. Acta Biol. Szeged., 52(1), 237–240.
Sándor G., Hajagos A., Stumpf Á. Jócsák I., Végvári G., 2010. The effect of timing and IBA treatments on the rooting of plum rootstock hardwood cuttings. Intern. J. Horticult. Sci., 16(2), 7–12.
Smoleń S., Sady W., Wierzbińska J., 2010a. The effect of plant biostimulation with Pentakeep-V and nitrogen fertilization on the content of fourteen elements in spinach. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus, 9(1), 13–24.
Smoleń S., Sady W., Wierzbińska J., 2010b. The effect of plant biostimulation with Pentakeep-V and nitrogen fertilization on yield, nitrogen metabolism and quality of spinach. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus, 9(1), 25–36.
Štefančič M., Štampar F., Veberič R., Osterc G., 2007. The levels of IAA, IAAsp and some phenolics in cherry rootstock ‘GiSelA 5’ leafy cuttings pretreated with IAA and IBA. Sci. Hort., 112, 399–405.
Szabó V., Sárvári A., Hrotkó K., 2011. Treatment of stockplants with biostimulators and their effects on cutting propagation of Prunus mariana ‘GF 8-1’. Acta Hort., 923, 277–282.
van Staden J., Beckett R.P., Rijkenberg M.J., 1995. Effect of seaweed concentrate on the growth of the seedlings of three species of Eucalyptus. S. Afr. J. Bot., 61, 169–172.
Watanabe K., Tanaka T., Hotta Y., Kuramochi H., Takeuchi Y., 2000. Improving salt tolerance of cotton seedlings with 5-aminolevulic acid. Plant Growth Reg., 32, 99–103.
Arthur G.D., Stirk W.A., van Staden J., 2003. Effect of a seaweed concentrate on growth and yield of three varieties of Capsicum annuum. South African J. Bot., 69(2), 207–211.
Babik I., Babik J., Dysko J., 2008. Effects of 5-aminolevulic acid (ALA) from Pentakeep fertilisers on yield and quality of vegetables grown in the field and under cover. Biostimulators in Modern Agriculture. (ed.: Gawronska H.). Warsaw Univ. Life Sci., 61–74.
Beckett R.P., van Staden J., 1989. The effect of seaweed concentrate on growth and yield of potassium stressed wheat. Plant and Soil. 116(1):29–36.
Bingshan L., Hotta Y., Yinglan Q., Jinsong Z., Tanaka T., Takeuchi Y., Konnai M., 1998. Effects of 5-Aminolevulic Acid on the Growth and Ripening of Wheat. J. Pesticide Sci., 23, 300–303.
Colapietra M., Alexander A., 2006. Effect of foliar fertilization on yield and quality of table grapes. Acta Horticult., 721, 213–218.
Crouch I.J., van Staden J., 1991. Evidence for rooting factors in a seaweed concentrate prepared from Ecklonia maxima. J. Plant Physiol., 137, 319–322.
Crouch I.J., Smith M.T., van Staden J., Lewis M.J., Hoad G.V., 1992. Identification of auxins in a commercial seaweed concentrate. J. Plant Physiol., 139, 590–594.
Dwornikiewicz J., 2008. Effects of liquid fertilizers “Pentakeep-V” and “Pentakeep Super” on the yield and quality of hop cones in Poland. Proceedings of Pentakeep International Scientific Workshop 2007 in Prague (7–9 December 2007). Prague, Czech Republic. Cosmo Oil. Co. LTD, Japan, 168–179.
Gajc-Wolska J., Radzanowska J., Łyszkowska M., 2009. The influence of grafting and biostimulators on physical and sensorial traits of greenhouse tomato fruit (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in field production. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus, 8(3), 37–43.
Hartmann H.T., Kester D.E., Davies F.T. és Geneve R.L., 1997. The biology of propagation by cuttings. Plant Propagation. Principles and Practices. Chapter 10. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632, 277–328.
Hoad S.P., Leakey R.R.B., 1996. Effects of pre-severance light quality on the vegetative propagation of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden: Cutting morphology, gas exchange and carbohydrate status during rooting. Trees, 10, 317–324.
Hotta Y., Tanaka T., Takaoka H., Takeuchi Y., Konnai M., 1997. Promotive effects of 5-aminolevulic acid on the yield of several crops. Plant Growth Reg., 22, 109–114.
Hotta Y., Tanaka T., Bingshan L., Takeuchi Y., Konnai M., 1998. Improvement of cold resistance in rice seedlings by 5-Aminolevulic acid. J. Pesticide Sci., 23, 29–33.
Hrotkó K., 1982. Sajmeggy alanyklónok szaporítása zölddugványozással. Propagation of Prunus mahaleb by leafy stem cuttings, Budapest. Kertgazdaság, 4, 45–50.
Hrotkó K., Magyar L., 2004. Mahaleb Rootstocks from the Department of Fruit Science, Budapest. Acta Hort., 658, 497–499.
Jenkins P.D., Mahmood S., 2003. Dry matter production and partitioning in potato plants subjected to combined deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. UK. Ann. Appl. Biol., 143, 215–229.
Jones N.B., van Staden J., 1997. The effect of seaweed application on the rooting of pine cuttings. S. Afr. J. Bot., 63, 141–145.
Kositorna J., Smolinski M., 2008. Biostimulators can protect sugar beet from stress caused by herbicides. Biostimulators in modern agriculture. Warsaw Univ. Life Sci., 41–49.
Kwiatkowski C.A, Kołodziej B., Woźniak A., 2013. Yield and quality parameters of carrot (Daucus carota L.) roots depending on growth stimulators and stubble crops. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus, 12(5), 55–68.
Kwizda Agro, 2009. Online manual for yeald plus http://www.kwizda.hu/yield_plus
Leakey R.R.B., 1992. Enhancement of rooting ability in Tryplochiton scleroxylon by injecting stockplants with auxins. Forest Ecol. Manag., 54, 305–313.
Leakey R.R.B., Mohammed H.R.S., 1985. Effects of stem length on root initiation in sequential single-node cuttings of Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum. J. Hart. Sci., 60, 431–437.
Leakey R.R.B., Storeton-West R., 1992. The rooting ability of Triplochiton scleroxylon cuttings: the interaction between stockplant irradiance, light quality and nutrients. Forest Ecol. Manag., 49, 133–150.
Leakey R.R.B., 2004. Physiology of vegetative reproduction. Encyclopedia of Forest Sciences, 1655–1668.
Magingo F., Dick J.M.P., 2001. Propagation of two miombo woodland trees by leafy stem cuttings obtained from seedlings. Agroforest. Syst., 51, 49–55.
Memon S.A., Hou X., Wang L., Li. Y., 2009. Promotive effect of 5-aminolevuliniv acid on chlorophyll, antioxidative enzymes and photosynthesis of Pakchoi (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis var. communis Tsen et Lee). Acta Physiol. Plant., 31, 51–57.
Mesén F., Newton A.C., Leakey R.R.B., 1997. The effects of propagation environment and foliar areas on the rooting physiology of Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pavon) Oken cuttings. Trees, 11, 401–411.
Mesén F., Leakey R.R.B., Newton A.C., 2001. The influence of stockplant environment on morphology, physiology and rooting of leafy stem cuttings of Albizzia guachapele. New Forests, 22, 213–227.
Nishihara E., Kondo K., Parvez M.M., Takahashi K., Watanabe K., Tanaka K., 2002. Role of 5-aminolevulic acid (ALA) on active oxygen-scavening system in NaCl-treated spinach (Spinacia oleracea). J. Plant Physiol., 160, 1085–1091.
Papenfus H.B., Stirk W.A., Finnie J.F., van Staden J., 2012. Seasonal variation in the polyamines of Ecklonia maxima. Bot. Marina, 55(5), 539–546.
Rathore S.S., Chaudhary D.R., Boricha G.N., Ghosg A., Bhatt B.P., Zodape S.T., Patolia J.S., 2009. Effect of seaweed extract on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake of soybean (Glycine max) under rained condition. South Afr. J. Bot., 75, 351–355.
Sándor G., Rabnecz G., Hajagos Á., Nehiba B., 2008. IBA uptake and metabolism of different type of plum rootstocks hardwood cuttings. Acta Biol. Szeged., 52(1), 237–240.
Sándor G., Hajagos A., Stumpf Á. Jócsák I., Végvári G., 2010. The effect of timing and IBA treatments on the rooting of plum rootstock hardwood cuttings. Intern. J. Horticult. Sci., 16(2), 7–12.
Smoleń S., Sady W., Wierzbińska J., 2010a. The effect of plant biostimulation with Pentakeep-V and nitrogen fertilization on the content of fourteen elements in spinach. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus, 9(1), 13–24.
Smoleń S., Sady W., Wierzbińska J., 2010b. The effect of plant biostimulation with Pentakeep-V and nitrogen fertilization on yield, nitrogen metabolism and quality of spinach. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus, 9(1), 25–36.
Štefančič M., Štampar F., Veberič R., Osterc G., 2007. The levels of IAA, IAAsp and some phenolics in cherry rootstock ‘GiSelA 5’ leafy cuttings pretreated with IAA and IBA. Sci. Hort., 112, 399–405.
Szabó V., Sárvári A., Hrotkó K., 2011. Treatment of stockplants with biostimulators and their effects on cutting propagation of Prunus mariana ‘GF 8-1’. Acta Hort., 923, 277–282.
van Staden J., Beckett R.P., Rijkenberg M.J., 1995. Effect of seaweed concentrate on the growth of the seedlings of three species of Eucalyptus. S. Afr. J. Bot., 61, 169–172.
Watanabe K., Tanaka T., Hotta Y., Kuramochi H., Takeuchi Y., 2000. Improving salt tolerance of cotton seedlings with 5-aminolevulic acid. Plant Growth Reg., 32, 99–103.
Veronika Szabó
Corvinus University of Budapest, HungaryCorvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Corvinus University of Budapest, HungaryCorvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Zsuzsanna Németh
Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Anna Sárvári
Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
György Végvári
Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Károly Hrotkó
Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
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