The effects of high temperature and low humidity on crop water stress index of seed pumpkin plants (Cucurbita pepo L.) in semi-arid climate conditions
Ali Beyhan Ucak
Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, Turkiyehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-2848
Joanna Kocięcka
Department of Land Improvement, Environment Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-649 Poznań, Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0340-3273
Daniel Liberacki
Department of Land Improvement, Environment Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-649 Poznań, Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-4535
Burak Saltuk
Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, 07425 Alanya, Turkiyehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8673-9372
Atilgan Atilgan
Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, 07425 Alanya, Turkiyehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2391-0317
Piotr Stachowski
Department of Land Improvement, Environment Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-649 Poznań, Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1367-0551
Roman Rolbiecki
Department of Agrometeorology, Plant Irrigation and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-029 Bydgoszcz, Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6230-4227
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high temperature and low humidity on the crop water stress index (CWSI) of seed pumpkin plants grown under semi-arid climate conditions to determine the optimum irrigation time. This research unveils the critical impact of high temperature and low humidity on seed pumpkin growth, emphasizing the vital role of the CWSI in optimizing irrigation strategies and seed yield. Moreover, the relationship between CWSI, physiological parameters, and seed yield of the pumpkin was investigated. The mean CWSI values in the I70 (0.40) and I35 (0.56) treatments were 42% and 100% higher, respectively than those in the full irrigation (I100) treatment (0.28). While the I70 treatment showed manageable water stress with minimal impact, the I35 treatment experienced severe stress, significantly reducing crop growth and yield. The mean seed yield (SY) in the I70 treatment increased to 1245.2 kg ha–1 compared to I35 (903.3 kg ha–1) but remained lower than I100 (1339.3 kg ha–1). The CWSI had negative correlations (p ≤ 0.01) with seed yield, chlorophyll content, and leaf area index, while it had positive correlations with water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency (p ≤ 0.01). This study showed that pumpkins could be grown successfully at 30% water deficit conditions, and a water deficit higher than 30% may cause a significant seed yield loss in semi-arid climate conditions. In addition, the results highlight the importance of optimal irrigation and CWSI monitoring for informed irrigation decisions and sustainable agricultural practices. Therefore, moderate water deficit (I70) can be adopted in pumpkin cultivation as an alternative to full irrigation.
Keywords:
chlorophyll, CSWI, yield, irrigation time, TurkeyReferences
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Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, Turkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-2848
Department of Land Improvement, Environment Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-649 Poznań, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0340-3273
Department of Land Improvement, Environment Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-649 Poznań, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-4535
Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, 07425 Alanya, Turkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8673-9372
Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, 07425 Alanya, Turkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2391-0317
Department of Land Improvement, Environment Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-649 Poznań, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1367-0551
Department of Agrometeorology, Plant Irrigation and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-029 Bydgoszcz, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6230-4227
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