Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

Vol. 9 No. 2 (2010)

Articles

THE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON YIELD AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF SWISS CHARD

Submitted: January 20, 2021
Published: 2010-06-30

Abstract

Swiss chard is recognized as valuable leafy vegetable species with short growing period suitable for cultivation as forecrop and aftercrop in crop rotation .Till now is
still a minor crop in Poland and there are not existing any data describing the response of this species to nitrogen fertilization and the effect of this nutrient on plant composition. In a field experiment conducted in 2004–2006, the influence of nitrogen fertilization applied as a single or split dose in the amounts of 50, 100, 100 + 50, 150, 150 + 50 and 200 kg·ha-1 on yield and crop quality of Swiss chard was examined. Seeds of Lukullus cv. were sown directly into the field in the half of April in spacing 45 × 25 cm, and single harvest of leaf rosettes was conducted on 8–10 July. In separate samples of leaf blades and petioles there was evaluated the content of dry matter, vitamin C, sugars, total N, nitrates, P, K, Ca, and Mg. Results of the study indicate that the increment of N dose from 50 to 100 kg·ha-1 had positive effects on Swiss chard yield but the efficiency of higher nitrogen doses was rather small and not significant. Heavy nitrogen fertilization caused the increment of total N and nitrates in both edible parts and magnesium in leaf petioles, while reduction the sugar content in leaf blades. On the average blades contained higher amounts of dry matter, sugars, total N and Mg, while petioles – calcium and nitrates.

References

Cantliffe D.J., 1972. Nitrate accumulation in vegetable crops as affected by photoperiod and light duration J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 97, 414–418.
Carranca C., Soares da Silva A., Fernandes M., Verela J., 2001. 15 N Fertilizer Use Effeciency by Spinach Grown under Portuguese Field Conditions. Acta Hort. 563, 67–72.
Czerniak K., Kołota E., 2007. Ocena plonowania odmian buraka liściowego w uprawie jesiennej. Rocz. AR Poznań, Ogrodnictwo 41, 445–449.
Czerniak K., Kołota E., 2008. Effect of the term of harvst on yield and nutritional value of spinach beet. J. Elementology 13(2), 181–188.
Dzida K., 2004. Wpływ nawożenia azotowo-potasowego na plonowanie buraka liściowego (Beta vulgaris var. cicla) i zawartość składników w podłożu. Rocz. AR Pozn., Ogrodnictwo 37, 55–60.
Dzida K., Pitura K., 2008. The influence of varied nitrogen fertilization on yield and chemical composition of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla L.). Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus 7(3), 15–24.
Ferreira J., 1997. Nitratos, agricultura biológica e qualidade. A. Joaninha, 56, 16–23.
Greenwod D.J., Hunt J., 1985. Effect of Nitrogen Fertiliser on the Nitrate Contents of Field Vegetables Grown in Britain. J. Sci. Food Agric. 37, 373–383.
Geraldson C.M., Tyler K.B., 1990. Plant analysis as an aid in fertilizing vegetable crops. In: Soil Testing and Plant Analysis 3rd edition. Westerman R.L. (ed.) Number 3 in the Soil Science Society of America Book Series. Soil Science Society of America, Inc ., Madison, pp. 549–562.
Hochmuth G.J., J.K. Brecht, M.J. Bessett M.J., 1999. Nitrogen fertilization to maximize carrot yield and quality on a sandy soil. Hort. Science 34, 641–645.
Krężel J., Kołota E., 2007. Wpływ nawożenia azotowego na plonowanie i wartość biologiczną buraka ćwikłowego, uprawianego na zbiór pęczkowy, Rocz AR Poznań, Ogrodnictwo 41, 547–552.
Laskovar D.I., Crosby K., Jifon J.L., 2009. Impact of Agronomic Practices on Phytochemicals and Quality of Vegetable Crops. Acta Hortic. 841, 317–322.
Maynard D.N., Barker A.V., Minotti P.L., Peck N.H., 1976. Nitrate accumulation in vegetables. Adv. Agron. 28, 71–118.
Mengel K., Kirkby E.A., 1982. Principles pf Plant Nutrition. 3rd edition, International Potash Institute Publ., Switzerland, pp. 525–542.
Neeteson J.J, Carton O.T., 2000. The environmental impact of Nitrogen in Field Vegetable Production. In proceedings of ISHS/ENVEG conference 1999. Acta Hort. 563, 21–28.
Peck N. H. Cantliffe D.J, Shallenberger R.S., Bourke J.B., 1974. Table beets (Beta vulgaris L.) and nitrogen. Search Agric. 4, (6) 1–25.
Rahn C.R., 2000. Nitrogen and field production of vegetable crops. Acta Hortic. 533, 361–370.
Rahn C.R., 2002. Managment strategies to reduce nutrient losses from vegetable. Acta Hortic. 571, 19–29.
Rahn C.R., Peterson C.D., Vaidyanathan L.V.V., 1998. The use of measurements of soil mineral N in understanding the response of crops to fertilizer nitrogen in intensive cropping rotations. J. Agric. Sci. 130, 345–356.
Santamaria P., Elia A., Serio F., Gonnela M., Parente A., 1999. Comparison between nitrate and ammonium nutrition in Fennel, celery and Swiss chard J. Plant Nutr. 22, 7, 1091–1106
Sorensen J., 1999. Nitrogen effects on vegetable crop production and chemical composition. Acta Hortic. 506, 41–50.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >> 

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.