Effect of Aluminum on Some Features of Hypocotyl and Leaves Radish Seedlings
Agata Konarska
Abstract
Radish seedlings were grown in water culture for 14 days with Al-treatment (0, 10, 20 and 40 mg · dm–3 AlCl3 · 6 H2O) and pH adjusted as 4.3. Some morphological and anatomical features of radish hypocotyl were analyzed. Reduction in height and diameter of hypocotyl as well as reduction in fresh mass of shoot were observed after Al-treatment. The leaf surface area and the thickness of leaf were decreased, too. The aluminum stress caused a significant increase in the thickness of outer cell wall epidermis. Reduction in cell size within epidermis, parenchyma and vessel xylem was noticed after Al-treatment. Also the number and size of parenchyma plastids in primary cortex and central cylinder were increased. They contained enlarged grains of starch.
Keywords:
aluminium toxicity, radish, hypocotyl, leaf, morphology, anatomyReferences
Borowski E., 1999. Wpływ dodatku do kultur piaskowych hydrożelu potasowego (Akrygelu K) lub zwiększonego nawożenia potasem na rośliny pomidora rosnące w obecności zróżnicowanych dawek glinu. Część I. Reakcja roślin na glin i na dodatek hydrożelu potasowego. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio EEE, Hortic. 7: 101–110.
Brauner L., Bunkatsh F., 1987. Praktikum z fizjologii roślin. PWN, Warszawa.
Budiková S., 1999. Structural changes and aluminum distribution in maize root tissues. Biol.
Plant., 42, 2: 259–266.
Foy C.D., Lafever H.N., Schwartz J.W., Fleming A.L., 1974. Aluminum tolerance of wheat cultivars related to region of origin. Agron. J., 66: 751–758.
Greger M., Tillberg J.E., Johansson M., 1992. Aluminum effects on Scenedesmus obtusiusculus with different phosphorus status. II. Growth, photosynthesis and pH. Physiol. Plant., 84, 2: 202–208.
Haug A., 1984. Molecular aspects of aluminum toxicity. CRC Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., 1: 345–373.
Janhunen S., Palomäki V., Holopainen T., 1995. Aluminum causes nutrient imbalance and structural changes in the needles of Scots pine without inducing clear root injuries. Trees, 9: 134–142.
Kidd P.S., Proctor J., 2000. Effects of aluminum on the growth and mineral composition of Betula pendula Roth. J. Exp. Bot., 51, 347: 1057–1066.
Lee J., Pritchard M.W., 1984. Aluminum toxicity expression on nutrient uptake, growth and root morphology of Trifolium repens L. cv. Grasslands Huia. Plant Soil, 82: 101–116.
Lorenc-Plucińska G., Karolewski P., 1994. Aluminum effects on pyridine nucleotide redox stste in roots of Scots pine. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol., 632: 167–171.
Lorenc-Plucińska G., Ziegler H., 1996. Changes in ATP levels in Scot pine needles during aluminum stress. Photosynthetica, 32, 1: 141–144.
Mlathi N., Sarethy I.P., Paliwal K., 2001. Effect of aluminum on hydroponically grown Acacia nilotica seedlings. J Plant Biol., 28, 1: 105–109.
Michałek W., 2002. Fizjologiczne aspekty toksyczności mono- i polimerycznej formy glinu na przykładzie sałaty (Lactuca sativa L.). Rozprawy Naukowe Akad. Roln. w Lublinie, zesz. 259.
McQuattie C.J., Schier G.A., 1992. Effect of ozone and aluminum on pitch pine (Pinus rigida) seedlings: alterations in the anatomy of mycorrhizae. Can. J. For. Res., 22: 1901–1916.
Oleksyn J., Karolewski P., Gietrych M.J., Werner A., Tjoelker P., Reich B., 1996. Altered root growth and plant chemistry of Pinus silvestris seedlings subjected to aluminum in nutrient solution. Trees, 10, 3: 135–144.
Pan W.L., Hopkins A.G., Jackson W.A., 1989. Aluminum inhibition of shoot Lateran branches of Glicine max and reversal by exogenous cytokinin. Plant Soil, 120: 1–9.
Pintro J.C., Barloy J., Fallavier P., 1996. Aluminum effects on the growth and mineral composition of corn plants cultivated in nutrient solution at low aluminum activity. J. Plant Nutr., 19: 729–741.
Rufyikiri G., Dufey J.E., Nootens D., Delvaux B., 2001. Effect of aluminum on bananas (Musa sp.) cultivated in acid solutions. II. Water and nutrient uptake. Fruits–Paris, 56, 1: 5–16.
Rufyikiri G., Nootens D., Dufey J.E., Delvaux B., 2000. Effect of aluminum on bananas (Musa sp.) cultivated in acid solution. I. Plant growth and chemical composition. Fruits–Paris, 55: 6, 367–379.
Schier G.A., McQuattie C.J., 1995. Effect of aluminum on the growth, anatomy, and nutrient content of ectomycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal eastern white pine seedlings. Can. J. For. Res., 25: 1252–1262.
Ślaski J.J., Anioł A., 1987. Effect of calmodulin inhibitors on aluminum toxicity in cereals. Acta Physiol. Plant, 9: 13–23.
Weryszko-Chmielewska E., Chwil M., Szadura M., 1998. Wpływ nadmiaru glinu na budowę łodygi i liści grochu zwyczajnego (Pisum sativum L.). Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln., 456: 623–628.
Weryszko-Chmielewska E., Konarska A., Badora A., Filipek T., 1997. Zmiany morfologiczne i anatomiczne w organach ro lin zbo owych uprawianych na glebach silnie zakwaszonych. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio EEE, Hortic. 5: 255–266.
Weryszko-Chmielewska E., Wróblewska A., 1997. Wpływ kwaśnego podłoża na morfologię organów nadziemnych i nektarowanie rzepaku jarego (Brassica napus L. var. Oleifera D. C.). Wyd. Polsk. Tow. Magnezolog., Lublin: 37–47.
Yamamoto Y., Kobayashi Y., Rama Devi R., Rikiishi S., Matsumoto H., 2002. Aluminum toxicity is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and the production of reactive oxygen species in plant cells. Plant Physiol., 128: 63–72.
License
Submitting an article for publication, the author declares that he has full economic and moral rights to the work and publication of his article will not infringe the rights of third persons. The author signs a statement on the originality of the work and the contribution of individuals.
When an author submits his article for publication in the „Annales Horticulturae” it means he grants licence to exploit copyright to his article under the Creative Commons licence – Attribution - Non-Commercial - No-Derivatives 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
