THE EFFECT OF PLANT AGE AND HARVEST TIME ON THE CONTENT OF CHOSEN COMPONENTS AND ANTIOXIDATIVE POTENTIAL OF BLACK CHOKEBERRY FRUIT

Jadwiga Andrzejewska

University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz

Katarzyna Sadowska

University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz

Łukasz Klóska

University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz

Leszek Rogowski

Organic farm, Czajcze, Wielkopolska region, Poland



Abstract

The fruit of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott) is valuable raw material for food and pharmaceutical industries due to the content of anthocyanins, but also other components. The aim of this study was to estimate the content of dry matter, reducing sugars, vitamin C, anthocyanins and the antioxidant potential in black chokeberry fruits depending on the age of plants and the time of fruit harvest. Material for the study was collected in 2011 and 2012 from 6–7, 11–12 and 16–17-year-old plants. Fruits for analyses were harvested on 10–12 August, 29 August – 1 September, 11–13 September, 26–27 September, 11–14 October, 25–27 October. Fruits from the oldest plants contained 16–18% less anthocyanins and 8% less vitamin C, but 2.7 percentage points more dry matter than the fruits from younger plants. On the 29 August–1 September fruits achieved the maximum content of reducing sugars, vitamin C and anthocyanins, 13.7, 8.2 and 715.5 mg 100 g-1, respectively. The content of reducing sugars and anthocyanins stayed unchanged until the end of October, and the content of vitamin C decreased considerably. Antioxidative potential (DPPH) ranged from 77.0 to 85.2% inhibition and it did not depend on the age of harvest time of fruits. The most valuable chokeberry fruits were obtained from plants up to 12 years of age, harvested between 29 August
and 13 September.

Keywords:

anthocyanins, Aronia melanocarpa, reducing sugars, DPPH, vitamin C

Białek, M., Rutkowska, J., Hallmann, E. (2012). Aronia czarnoowocowa (Aronia melanocarpa) jako potencjalny składnik żywności funkcjonalnej. Żywn. Nauka. Technol. Jakość, 6(85), 21–30.
Benvenuti, S., Pellati, E., Melegari, M., Bertelli, D. (2004). Polyphenols, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, and radical scavenging activity of Rubus, Ribes, and Aronia. J. Food Sci., 69(3), 164–169.
Broncel, M., Koziróg-Kołacińska, M., Andryskowski, G., Duchnowicz, P. (2007). Wpływ antocyjanin z aronii czarnoowocowej na ciśnienie tętnicze oraz stężenie endoteliny-1 i lipidów
u pacjentów z zespołem metabolicznym. Pol. Merk. Lek., 134, 116–119.
Fuleki, T., Francis, F.J. (1968). Quantitative methods for anthocyanins. J. Food Sci., 33, 266–274.
Giusti, M.M., Wrolstad, R.E. (2001). Anthocyanins. Characterization and measurement with UVvisible spectroscopy. In: Current protocols in food analytical chemistry, R.E., Wrolstad (ed.).
Unit F1. 2, 1–13.
Gramza-Michałowska, A., Człapka-Matyasik, M. (2011). Evaluation of the antiradical potential of fruit and vegetable snacks. Acta Sci. Pol. Technol. Aliment., 10(1), 61–72.
Gryszczyńska, B., Iskra, M., Gryszczyńska, A., Budzyń, M. (2011). Aktywność przeciwutleniająca wybranych owoców jagodowych. Post. Fitoter., 4, 265–274.
Jakobek, L., Drenjančević, M., Jukić, V., Šeruga, M. (2012). Phenolic acids, flavonols, anthocyanins and antiradical activity of ‘Nero’, ‘Viking’, ‘Galicianka’ and wild chokeberries. Sci.
Hort., 147, 56–63.
Jeppsson, N. (2000). The effect of fertilizer rate on vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality, with special respect to pigments, in black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) cv. ‘Viking’. Sci.
Hort., 83, 127–137.
Jeppsson, N., Johansson, R. (2000). Changes in fruit quality in black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) during maturation. J. Hort. Sci. Biotechnol., 75(3), 340–345.
Kawecki, Z., Tomaszewska, Z. (2006). The effect of various soil management techniques on growth and yield in the black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa Elliot). J. Fruit Ornam. Plant
Res., 14, 67–73.
Kokotkiewicz, A., Jaremicz, Z., Luczkiewicz, M. (2010). Aronia Plants: A review of traditional use, biological activities, and perspectives for modern medicine. J. Med. Food, 13(2), 255–269.
Kulling, S.E., Rawel, H.M. (2008). Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) – A review on the characteristic components and potential health effects. Planta Med., 74, 1625–1634.
Lee, S.K., Kader, A.A. (2000). Preharvest and postharvest factors influencing vitamin C content of horticultural crops. Postharv. Biol. Tech., 20, 207–220.
Mikulic-Petkovsek, M., Schmitzer, V., Slatnar, A., Stampar F., Veberic R. (2012). Composition of sugars, organic acids, and total phenolics in 25 wild or cultivated berry species. J. Food Sci.,
77(10), 1064–1070.
Niedworok, J., Brzozowski, F. (2001). Badania nad biologicznymi i fitoterapeutycznymi właściwościami antocyjanin aronii czarnoowocowej. Post. Fitoter., 1, 20–24.
Oszmiański, J., Sapis, J. (1988). Anthocyanins in fruit of Aronia melanocarpa (Chokeberry). J. Food Sci., 4, 1241–1242.
Piasek, A. (2010). Badanie zmian fitokompleksu i właściwości przeciwutleniających owoców aronii czarnoowocowej (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott) i wiciokrzewu sinego (Lonicera
Caerulea L.) pod wpływem przetwarzania. Rozprawa doktorska. Politechnika Gdańska, Wydz. Chemiczny, Gdańsk, pp. 159.
PN-A-04019 (1998). Produkty spożywcze. Oznaczanie witaminy C.
Rogowski, L. (2010). Wpływ opadów atmosferycznych na zawartość antocyjanów w owocach aronii. Praca magisterska, UTP w Bydgoszczy, Wydz. Rolnictwa i Biotechnologii, Bydgoszcz, pp. 60.
Rumińska, A. (1991). Poradnik plantatora ziół. PWRiL, Poznań, 91–97.
Rusnak, J. (2013). Uprawa aronii. Małopolski ODR Karniowice, pp. 20.
Sanchez-Moreno, C., Larrauri, J.A., Saura-Calixto, F. (1998). A procedure to measure the antiradical efficiency of polyphenols. J. Sci. Food Agric., 76, 270–276.
Sikora, J., Markowicz, M., Mikiciuk-Olasik, E. (2009). Rola i właściwości lecznicze aronii czarnoowocowej w profilaktyce chorób cywilizacyjnych. Bromat. Chem. Toksykol., 42, 1, 10–17.
Skupień, K., Oszmiański, J. (2007). The effect of mineral fertilization on nutritive value and biological activity of chokeberry fruit. J. Agric. Food Sci., 16, 46–55.
Strik, B., Finn, C., Wrolstad, R. (2003). Performance of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) in Oregon, USA. Acta Hort., 626, 439–443.
Szajdek, A., Borowska, J. (2004). Właściwości przeciwutleniające żywności pochodzenia roślinnego. Żywn. Nauka. Technol. Jakość, 4(41) S, 5–28.
Talburt, W.H., Smith, O. (1987). Potato Processing. IV ed. AVI Nonstrand Reinhold Company, New York.
Yahia, E.M., Contreras-Padilla, M., Gonzalez-Aguilar, G. (2001). Ascorbic acid content in relation to ascorbic acid oxidase activity and polyamine content in tomato and bell pepper fruits
during development, maturation and senescence. Lebensm. Wiss. Technol., 34, 452–457.
Zych, I., Krzepiłko, A. (2010). Pomiar całkowitej zdolności antyoksydacyjnej wybranych antyoksydantów i naparów metodą redukcji rodnika DPPH. Chem. Dydakt. Ekol. Metrol., 15, 1, 51–54.
Download

Published
2015-08-31



Jadwiga Andrzejewska 
University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz
Katarzyna Sadowska 
University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz
Łukasz Klóska 
University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz
Leszek Rogowski 
Organic farm, Czajcze, Wielkopolska region, Poland



License

 

Articles are made available under the conditions CC BY 4.0 (until 2020 under the conditions CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Submission of the paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

The author signs a statement of the originality of the work, the contribution of individuals, and source of funding.

 


Most read articles by the same author(s)