EFFECT OF CYTOKININS ON in vitro MULTIPLICATION OF RHUBARB (Rheum rhaponticum L.) ‘KARPOW LIPSKIEGO’ SHOOTS AND ex vitro ACCLIMATIZATION AND GROWTH
Danuta Kozak
University of Life Sciences in LublinAndrzej Sałata
University of Life Sciences in LublinAbstract
The influence of four cytokinins: BA (4.4, 11.1, 22.2 μmol·dm-3), kinetin (4.7, 11.6, 23.3 μmol·dm-3), 2iP (4.9, 12.3, 24.6 μmol·dm-3), TDZ (4.5, 11.4, 22.7 μmol·dm-3)
on shoot multiplication of Rheum rhaponticum ‘Karpow Lipskiego’ on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was studied. The shoots used in the experiment were obtained from aseptically grown shoot clusters. Rooted shoots (except treatment with TDZ) after acclimatization were transplanted to pots into a peat substrate where they were grown for 4 weeks. Plants were then cultivated in the field for 8 months. During in vitro studies the cytokinins promoted the development of leaves as well as the formation of new shoots. The highest average number of axillary shoots was found on the medium with BA 11.1–22.2 μmol·dm-3. The use of kinetin (4.7–11.6 μmol·dm-3) or 2iP 12.3 μmol·dm-3 stimulated strong growth of shoots expressed in their length and size of the leaf blade. All TDZ concentrations caused a significant inhibition of shoot elongation. BA and TDZ had a harmful effect on the rooting of multishoots. On the control medium (hormone-free) and on the media containing kinetin or 2iP, 100% of shoots produced roots. After a period of 8 months, following overwintering and start of vegetation growth, the plant survival rate
was 80–100%. It was found that 2iP 12.3 μmol·dm-3 had the highest after effect on plant growth. The plants derived from this medium had uniform and compact growth and they developed more leaves in the rosette with significantly larger laminae as well as longer and thicker petioles, than plants obtained from others used media.
Keywords:
branching, rooting, consequent effect, acclimatization, growth in the fieldReferences
Culafic L., Samofalova A., Nescovic M., 1987. In vitro organogenesis in two dioecious, Rumex acetosella L. and R. acetosa L. (Polygonaceae). Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 11, 133–139.
D’Arth S.M., Simpson S.I., Seelye J.F., Jameson P.E., 2002. Bushines and cytokinin sensivity in micropropagated Zantedeschia. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 70 (1), 113–118.
Dąbski M., Kozak D., 1998. Micropropagation of Polygonum aubertii L. Zesz. Nauk. AR w Krakowie 333, 678–692.
Hazarika B.N., 2003. Acclimatization of tissue-cultured plants. Current Sci. 85 (12), 1704–1712.
Kadlecek P., Ticha I., Haisel D., Capkova W., Schafer Ch., 2001. Importance of in vitro pretreatment for ex vitro acclimatization and growth. Plant Sci. 161, 695–701.
Kozak D., 2006. The effect of growth retardants applied in vitro on the acclimatization and growth of Tibouchina urvilleana Cogn. in vivo. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 5 (1), 65–70.
Lal N., Ahuja P.S. 1989.Propagation of indian rhubarb (Rheum emodi Wall.) using shoot-tip and leaf explant culture. Plant Cell Rep. 8, 493–496.
Lal N., Ahuja P.S., 1993. Assessment of liquid culture procedures for in vitro propagation of Rheum emodi. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 34, 223–226.
Lassus C., Voipio I., 1994. Micropropagation of rhubarb with special reference to weaning stage and subsequent growth. Agric. Sci. Finland 3, 89–194.
Maene L.M., Debergh P.C., 1983. Rooting of tissue-cultured plants under in vivo conditions. Acta Hort. 131, 201–208.
Murashige T., Skoog S., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497.
Pierik R.L.M., Banga M., Janson J., 1989. Vegetative propagation of rhubarb in growing tubes. Prophyta 43 (1), 13–14.
Podwyszyńska M., Hempel M., 1989. The after effect of 6-benzilaminopurine on rooting in vitro and acclimatization of Rosa hybrida. Prace Inst. Sad. i Kwiac., Rośliny Ozdobne, s. B, 13, 77–85.
Pospisilova J., Ticha I., Kadlecek P., Haisel D., Plzakova S., 1999. Acclimatization of micropropagated plants to ex vitro conditions. Biologia Plant. 42 (4), 481–497.
Roggemans J., Claes M.C., 1979. Rapid clonal propagation of rhubarb by in vitro culture of shoot tips. Sci. Hort. 11, 241–246.
Walkey D.G.A., 1968. The production of virus-free rhubarb by apical tip-culture. J. Hort. Sci. 43, 283–287.
Walkey D.G.A., Matthews K.A., 1979. Rapid clonal propagation of rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.) from meristem-tips in tissue culture. Plant Sci. Letters 14, 287–290.
Wojtania A., Gabryszewska E., 2000. The effect of growth regulators on the in vitro propagation of Coccoloba uvifera L. Zesz. Nauk Inst. Sad. i Kwiac. t. 1, 85–92.
Xu W.H., Chen G.Ch., Li Y., Wang L., 2004.Studies on tissue culture technique of Rheum tanguticum. Acta Bot. Boreali Occidentalia Sinica 24 (9), 1734–1738.
Zhao Y., Grout B.W.W., Crisp P., 2003. Inadvertent selection for unwanted morphological forms during micropropagation adversely affects field performance of European rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.). Acta Hort. 616, 301–308.
Zhao Y., Grout B.W.W., Crisp P., 2004. Unexpected susceptibility of novel breeding lines of European rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.) to leaf and petiole spot disease. Acta Hort. 637, 139–144.
Zhao Y., Grout B.W.W., Crisp P., 2005a. Variation in morphology and disease susceptibility of micropropagated rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.) PC49, compared to conventional plant. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 82, 357–361.
Zhao Y., Grout B.W.W., Roberts A.V., 2005b. Abnormal chromosomes and DNA content in micropropagated rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.) PC49. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 83, 335–338.
Zhao Y., Zhou Y., Grout B.W.W., 2006.Variation of leaf structures of micropropagated rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.) PC49. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 85, 111–121.
Zhao Y., Zhou Y., Grout B.W.W., 2007. Crop failure of micropropagated rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.) PC49 caused by somaclonal variation. Acta Hort. 764, 13–19.
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
License
Articles are made available under the conditions CC BY 4.0 (until 2020 under the conditions CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Submission of the paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
The author signs a statement of the originality of the work, the contribution of individuals, and source of funding.
