Impact of N fertilization and cultivar on amaranth nutrients and soil health
Barbara Skwaryło-Bednarz
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Protection, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8608-9138
Agnieszka Jamiołkowska
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Protection, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4121-5318
Marek Kopacki
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Protection, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7162-250X
Barbara Marcinek
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Institute of Horticulture Production, Subdepartment of Ornamental Plants and Dendrology, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5484-6154
Mariusz Szmagara
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Institute of Horticulture Production, Subdepartment of Ornamental Plants and Dendrology, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3110-8551
Izabela Kot
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Protection, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9441-1139
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and cultivar on vitamin C content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and catalase (CAT) activity in amaranth leaves, as well as in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil. For this purpose, a 3-year split-plot field experiment was conducted, which included the following factors: N fertilization (kg ∙ ha–1: N0 – control, N1 – 60, N2 – 90, N3 – 120, N4 – 150), amaranth cultivars (‘Rawa’ and ‘Aztek’) and developmental stages (BBCH 13, BBCH 16, BBCH 19). The factor that most significantly differentiated the vitamin C content in the leaves was the cultivar, followed by the development stage, N fertilization, and weather conditions. The cultivar ‘Aztek’, stage BBCH 13, N3 fertilization, and weather conditions during the last year of the experiment gave the best results in this regard. CAT activity in the leaves significantly depended on N fertilization and developmental stage. It increased with the higher N dose and decreased with plant development. The TAC of the leaves depended only on the developmental stage and weather conditions. The highest TAC was observed at BBCH 13 and the third year of the study. CAT in the rhizosphere significantly depended on N fertilization, cultivar, and developmental stage, while in the non-rhizosphere zone, it depended on N fertilization, developmental stage, and weather conditions. This study is an essential addition to the knowledge on the use of amaranth seed forms as a vegetable with high nutritional value and antioxidant properties, as well as the effect of this plant on soil biological properties.
Keywords:
leaves, N fertilization, vitamin C, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) activity, soil, rhizosphere zoneReferences
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University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Protection, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8608-9138
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Protection, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4121-5318
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Protection, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7162-250X
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Institute of Horticulture Production, Subdepartment of Ornamental Plants and Dendrology, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5484-6154
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Institute of Horticulture Production, Subdepartment of Ornamental Plants and Dendrology, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3110-8551
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Protection, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9441-1139
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