DIURNAL DYNAMICS OF STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE AND LEAF TEMPERATURE OF GRAPEVINES (Vitis vinifera L.) IN RESPONSE TO DAILY CLIMATIC VARIABLES
Ali Sabir
University of Selcuk, Konya, TurkeyKevser Yazar
University of Selcuk, Konya, TurkeyAbstract
Few studies examined the stomatal conductance (gs) characteristics of grapevines with an emphasis on daily climatic responses. In the present study, diurnal measurements
on leaf temperature and gs of three grapevine cultivars (Alphonse Lavallée, Crimson Seedless and Italia) were carried out. The leaf temperature values for the cultivars
at 08:30 were 25.0 ±1°C and it increased to a maximum value between 12:00 and 14:50 p.m. After an almost steady course, it decreased along with the decrease in ambient
temperature. The gs values increased from morning (08:30 a.m.) to mid-morning (10:30 a.m.) for all the cultivars. After reaching a peak level at mid-morning, the gs decreased
gradually from the mid-morning throughout the afternoon. In the morning, the highest and the least gs values were obtained from Italia (232 mmol H2O m-2 s-1) and Crimson Seedless (149.6 mmol H2O m-2 s-1) cultivars. At around 10:30, the gs for Italia, Crimson Seedless and Alphonse Lavallée were at the highest levels with their valus 287.7, 262.1 and 242.0 mmol H2O m-2 s-1, respectively. The last measurements on gs at around 16:10 varied from to 96.7 (Italia) to 112.0 mmol H2O m-2 s-1 (Alphonse Lavallée). During the daily time course, the gs depended mainly on irradiance. Tleaf showed a strong relationship with Tair for all the cultivars. There was a strong, but negative correlation between leaf temperature and air humidity for all the cultivars.
Keywords:
stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, sunlight, V. viniferaReferences
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Ribeiro, R.V., Machado, E.C., Santos, M.G., Oliveira, R.F. (2009). Seasonal and diurnal changes in photosynthetic limitation of young sweet orange trees. Environ. Exp. Bot., 66, 203–211.
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Stavrinides, M.C., Daane, K.M., Lampinen, B.D., Mills, N.J. (2010). Plant water stress, leaf temperature, and spider mite (Acari: Tatranychidae) outbreaks in California vineyards. Environ.
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Tucci, M.L.S., Erismann, N.M., Machado, E.C., Ribeiro, R.V. (2010). Diurnal and seasonal variation in photosynthesis of peach palms grown under subtropical conditions. Photosynthetica,
48, 421–429.
Winkel, T., Rambal, S. (1990). Stomatal conductance of some grapevines growing in the field under a Mediterranean environment. Agr. For. Meteor., 51, 107–121.
Vialet-Chabrand, S., Dreyer, E., Brendel, O. (2013). Performance of a new dynamic model for predicting diurnal time courses of stomatal conductance at the leaf level. Plant. Cell. Environ.,
36, 1529–1546.
Virgona, J.M., Hubick, K.T., Rawson, H.M., Farquhar, G.D., Downey, R.W. (1990). Genotypic variation in transpiration efficiency, carbon-isotope discrimination and carbon allocation during
early growth in sunflower. Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 23, 227–236.
Zufferey, V., Cochard, H., Ameglio, T., Spring, J.L., Viret, O. (2011). Diurnal cycles of embolism formation and repair in petioles of grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Chasselas). J. Exp. Bot.,
DOI:10.1093/jxb/err081.
Zweifel, R., Steppe, K., Sterck, F.J. (2007). Stomatal regulation by microclimate and tree water relations: interpreting eco-physiological field data with a hydraulic plant model. J. Exp. Bot.,
58, 2113–2131.
Zsófi, Z., Villangó, S., Pálfi, Z., Tóth, E., Bálo, B. (2014). Texture characteristics of the grape berry skin and seed (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Kékfrankos) under post-veraison water deficit. Sci.
Hort., 172, 176–182.
mechanism of disturbed stomatal functioning. J. Exp. Bot. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru370.
Beyschlag, W., Ryel, R.J. (1992). Stomatal patchiness in Mediterranean evergreen sclerphylls. Phenommenology and consequences for the interpretation of the midday depression in photosynthesis and transpiration. Planta, 187, 546–553.
Chouzouri, A. Schultz, H.R. (2005). Hydraulic anatomy, cavitation susceptibility and gasexchange of several grapevine cultivars of different geographical origin. Acta Hort., 689, 325–331.
Clement, C.R., Chavez, W.B., Gomes, J.B.M. (1988). Considerations on peach palm (Bactris gasipaes H.B.K.) as a heart-of-palm producer. Encontro Nacional de Pesquisadores em Palmito,
1, 225–247 [In Port.].
Condon, A.G., Farquhar, G.D., Richards, R.A. (1990). Genotypic variation in carbon isotope discrimination and transpiration efficiency in wheat. Leaf gas exchange and whole plant studies.
Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 17, 9–22.
Dalmolin, A.C., Dalmagro, H.J., Lobo, F.A., Junior, M.Z.A., Ortíz, C.E.R., Vourlitis, G.L. (2012). Effects of flooding and shading on growth and gas exchange of Vochysia divergens
Pohl (Vochysiaceae) of invasive species in the Brazilian Pantanal. Braz. J. Plant Physiol., 24, 75–84.
Düring, H., Loveys, B.R. (1996). Stomatal patchiness of field-grown Sultana leaves: Diurnal changes and light effects. Vitis, 35, 7–10.
Flore, J.A., Lakso, A.N. (1989). Environmental and physiological regulation of photosynthesis in fruit crops. Hortic. Rev., 11, 229–287.
Gibberd, M., Walker, L., Blackmore, D., Condon, A. (2001). Transpiration efficiency and carbonisotope discrimination of grapevines grown under well-watered conditions in either glasshouse
or vineyard. Aust. J. Grape Wine Res., 7, 110–117.
Greer, D.H. (2012). Modelling leaf photosynthetic and transpiration temperature-dependent responses in Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon grapevines growing in hot, irrigated vineyard conditions.
AoB Plants, DOI:10.1093/aobpla/pls009.
Grossnickle, S.C., Fan, S.H. (1998). Genetic variation in summer gas exchange patterns of interior spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss × Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.). Can. J. Forest
Res., 28, 831–840.
Hirayama, M., Wada, Y., Nemoto, H. (2006). Estimation of drought tolerance based on leaf temperature in upland rice breeding. Breeding Sci., 56, 47–54.
Hunter, J.J., Bonnardot, V. (2011). Suitability of some climatic parameters for grapevine cultivation in South Africa, with focus on key physiological processes. S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic., 32, 137–154.
Johnson, D.M., Woodruff, D.R., Mcculloh, K.A., Meinzer, F.C. (2009). Leaf hydraulic conductance, measured in situ, declines and recovers daily: leaf hydraulics, water potential and stomatal conductance in four temperate and three tropical tree species. Tree Physiol., 29, 879–887.
Jones, H.G. (1998). Stomatal control of photosynthesis and transpiration. J. Exp. Bot., 49, 387–398.
Kaiser, H., Kappen, L. (2000). In situ observation of stomatal movements and gas exchange of Aegopodium podagraria L. in the understorey. J. Exp. Bot., 51,1741–1749.
Larsen, F.E., Higgins, S.S., Wir, A.A. (1989). Diurnal water relations of apple, apricot, grape, olive and peach in an arid environment (Jordan). Sci. Hort., 39, 211–222.
Marguerti, E., Brendel, O., Lebon, E., van Leewen, C., Ollat, N. (2012). Rootstock control of scion transpiration and its acclimation to water deficit are controlled by different genes. New
Phytol., 194, 416–429.
Marschner, H. (1995). Mineral nutrition of higher plants, ed 2. Academic Press, San Diego.
Massonnet, C., Costes, E., Rambal, S., Dreyer, E., Regnard J.L. (2007). Stomatal regulation of photosynthesis in apple leaves: Evidence for different water-use strategies between two cultivars.
Annals Bot., 100, 1347–1356.
Miranda, T., Ebner, M., Traiser, C., Roth-Nebelsick, A. (2013). Diurnal pattern of stomatal conductance in the large-leaved temperate liana Aristolochia macrophylla depends on spatial position within the leaf lamina. Ann. Bot., 111, 905–915.
Mooney, H.A., Field, C., Vasquez-Yanes, C., Chu, C. (1983). Environmental controls on stomatal conductance in a shrub of the humid tropics. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 80, 1295–1297.
Mora-Urpí, J., Weber, J.C., Clement, C.R. (1997). Peach Palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth): Promoting the Conservation and Use of Underutilized Crops. – Inst. Plant Genetics Crop Plant Resorces,
Rome.
Paranychianakis, N.V., Chartzoulakis, K.S., Angelakis, A.N. (2004). Influence of rootstock, irrigation level and recycled water on water relations and leaf gas exchange of Soultanina grapevines. Environ. Exp. Bot., 52, 185–198.
Rayment, M.B., Loustau, D., Jarvis, P.G. (2000). Measuring and modelling conductances of black spruce at three organizational scales: shoot, branch and canopy. Tree Physiol., 20, 713–723.
Ribeiro, R.V., Machado, E.C., Santos, M.G., Oliveira, R.F. (2009). Seasonal and diurnal changes in photosynthetic limitation of young sweet orange trees. Environ. Exp. Bot., 66, 203–211.
Rogiers, S.Y., Gree, D.H., Hutton, R.J., Landsberg, J.J. (2009). Does night-time transpiration contribute to anisohydric behaviour in a Vitis vinifera cultivar? J. Exp. Bot., 60, 3751–3763.
Rogiers, S.Y., Greer, D.H., Hatfield, J.M., Hutton, R.J., Clarke, H.S. (2011). Stomatal response of an anisohydric grapevine cultivar to evaporative demand, available soil moisture and abscisic
acid. Tree Physiol., 32, 249–261.
Sabir, A. (2013). Improvement of grafting efficiency in hard grafting grape Berlandieri hybrid rootstocks by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Sci. Hort., 164, 24–29.
Stavrinides, M.C., Daane, K.M., Lampinen, B.D., Mills, N.J. (2010). Plant water stress, leaf temperature, and spider mite (Acari: Tatranychidae) outbreaks in California vineyards. Environ.
Entomol., 39, 1232–1241.
Tucci, M.L.S., Erismann, N.M., Machado, E.C., Ribeiro, R.V. (2010). Diurnal and seasonal variation in photosynthesis of peach palms grown under subtropical conditions. Photosynthetica,
48, 421–429.
Winkel, T., Rambal, S. (1990). Stomatal conductance of some grapevines growing in the field under a Mediterranean environment. Agr. For. Meteor., 51, 107–121.
Vialet-Chabrand, S., Dreyer, E., Brendel, O. (2013). Performance of a new dynamic model for predicting diurnal time courses of stomatal conductance at the leaf level. Plant. Cell. Environ.,
36, 1529–1546.
Virgona, J.M., Hubick, K.T., Rawson, H.M., Farquhar, G.D., Downey, R.W. (1990). Genotypic variation in transpiration efficiency, carbon-isotope discrimination and carbon allocation during
early growth in sunflower. Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 23, 227–236.
Zufferey, V., Cochard, H., Ameglio, T., Spring, J.L., Viret, O. (2011). Diurnal cycles of embolism formation and repair in petioles of grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Chasselas). J. Exp. Bot.,
DOI:10.1093/jxb/err081.
Zweifel, R., Steppe, K., Sterck, F.J. (2007). Stomatal regulation by microclimate and tree water relations: interpreting eco-physiological field data with a hydraulic plant model. J. Exp. Bot.,
58, 2113–2131.
Zsófi, Z., Villangó, S., Pálfi, Z., Tóth, E., Bálo, B. (2014). Texture characteristics of the grape berry skin and seed (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Kékfrankos) under post-veraison water deficit. Sci.
Hort., 172, 176–182.
Ali Sabir
University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
Kevser Yazar
University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
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