EFFECT OF MIEDZIAN 50 WP AND GRAPEFRUIT EXTRACT ON THE HEALTHINESS AND COMMUNITIES OF SOIL MICROORGANISMS OF PEA (Pisum sativum L.)
Elżbieta Patkowska
University of Life Sciences in LublinAbstract
The present studies determined the effect of fungicide Miedzian 50 WP and grapefruit extract on the healthiness of pea and on the microorganism population in the rhizosphere of this plant. The number of plants grown from the seeds dressed with Grevit 200 SL was similar to, but no significantly, the number of plants obtained after the application of fungicide Miedzian 50 WP. The value of the infection index of plants was the lowest after the application of Grevit 200 SL, but not statistically different from that of Miedzian 50 WP. The following fungi were isolated from the infected plants: Alternaria alternata, F. culmorum, F. oxysporum, F. solani, Phoma eupyrena, Pythium irregulare, Rhizoctonia solani i Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. From the rhizosphere soil were isolated: Alternaria alternata, Fusarium spp., Gliocladium spp., Mucor spp., Penicillium spp., R. solani, S. sclerotiorum i Trichoderma spp. The population of rhizosphere bacteria in the combinations with Grevit 200 SL and Miedzian 50 WP was significantly higher than in the control treatment. A reverse relationship occurred for the fungi population, but significantly
the lowest number of fungi were found with Grevit 200 SL. Antagonistic microorganisms dominated in the rhizosphere of plants grown from the seeds dressed with
Grevit 200 SL.
Keywords:
Grevit 200 SL, fungicide, phytopathogens, antagonistic microorganismsReferences
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Scherm H., Christiano R.S.C., Esker P.D., Ponte E.M., Godoy C.V., 2009. Quantitative review of fungicide efficacy trials for managing soybean rust in Brazil. Crop Prot. 28(9), 774–782.
Steinkellner S., Lendzemo V., Langer I., Schweiger P., Khaosaad T., Toussaint J.P., Vierheilig H., 2007. Flavonoids and strigolactones in root exudates as signals in symbiotic and pathogenic plant-fungus interactions. Molecules 12, 1290–1306.
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Tamás L., Budìková S., Huttová J., Mistrìk I., Šimonovićová M., Široká B., 2005. Aluminuminduced cell death of barley-root border cells is correlated with peroxidase- and oxalate oxidase-mediated hydrogen peroxide production. Plant Cell Rep. 24, 189–194.
Tomalak M., Sosnowska D., Lipa J., 2010. Tendencje rozwoju metod biologicznych w ochronie roślin. Progr. in Plant Prot./Post. w Ochr. Rośl. 50(4), 1650–1660.
Weller D.M., 2007. Pseudomonas biocontrol agents of soilborne pathogens: Looking back over 30 years. Phytopathology 97, 250–256.
Zhang J.X., Xue A.G., 2010. Biocontrol of sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of soybean using novel Bacillus subtilis strain SB24 under control conditions. Plant Pathol. 59(2), 382–391.
Bais H.P., Park S.W., Weir T.L., Callaway W., Vivanco J.M., 2004. How plants communicate using the underground information superhighway. Trends Plant Sci. 9, 26–32.
Brand S.C., Antonello L.M., Muniz M.F.B., Blume E., Santos V.J., Reiniger L.R.S., 2009. Sanitarny and physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with bioprotector and fungicide. Rev. Brasileira Sem. 31(4), 87–94.
Dakora F.D., 1995. Plant flavonoids: Biological molecules for useful exploitation. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 22, 87–99.
Farhan H.N., Hameed A.T., Aobad H.M., 2010. The biological activity of some Pseudomonas sp. isolates on growth of three plant pathogenic fungi under incubator conditions. Adv. Environ. Biol. 4(1), 53–57.
Hirsch A.M., Bauer WD., Bird D.M., Cullimore J., Tyler B., Yoder J.I., 2003. Molecular signals and receptors: controlling rhizosphere interactions between plants and other organisms. Ecology 84, 416.
Jaroszuk-Ściseł J., Kurek E., Winiarczyk K., Baturo A., Łukanowski A., 2008. Colonization of root tissues and protection against fusarium wilt of rye (Secale cereale) by nonpathogenic rhizosphere strains of Fusarium culmorum. Biolog. Control 45, 297–307.
Jaroszuk-Ściseł J., Kurek E., Rodzik B., Winiarczyk K., 2009. Interactions between rye (Secale cereale) root border cells (RBCs) and pathogenic and nonpathogenic rhizosphere strains of Fusarium culmorum. Mycolog. Res. 113, 1053–1061.
Koo B.J., Adriano D.C., Bolan N.S., Barton C.D., 2005. Root exudates and microorganisms. In: Hillel D., editor. Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment. Amsterdam, Elsevier Academic Press, 421–428.
Kurzawińska H., Mazur S., 2009. The evaluation of Pythium oligandrum and chitosan in control of Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary on potato plants. Folia Hortic. 21/2, 13–23.
Mańka K., Mańka M., 1992. A new method for evaluating interaction between soil inhibiting fungi and plant pathogen. Bull OILB/SROP. 15, 73–77.
Martyniuk S., Masiak D., Stachyra A., Myśków W., 1991. Populacje drobnoustrojów strefy korzeniowej różnych traw i ich antagonizm w stosunku do Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Pam. Puł. Prace IUNG 98, 139–144
Mazur S., Kurzawińska H., 2010. Nowe możliwości ochrony cyklamena perskiego przed chorobami. Zesz. Prob. Postęp. Nauk Rol. 554, 119–125.
Mazur S., Wojdyła A., 2010. Protection of pedunculate oak against powdery mildew and its effect on plant growth. Ecolog. Chem. Eng. A. 17(9), 1141–1146.
Mohamed H.A.A., Wafaa M.H., Attallah A.G., 2010. Genetic enhancement of Trichoderma viride to overproduce different hydrolytic enzymes and their biocontrol potentiality against root rot and white mold diseases in bean plants. Agric. Biol. J. North America 1(3), 273–284.
Orlikowski L.B., 2001. Effect of grapefruit extract on development of Phytophthora cryptogea and control of foot rot of gerbera. J. Plant Prot. Res. 41, 288–294.
Orlikowski L.B., Skrzypczak Cz., 2003. Biocides in the control of soil-borne and leaf pathogens. Hortic. Veget. Grow. 22, 426–433.
Patkowska E., 2005. The effect of Oxafun T on the healthiness of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and on the formation of communities of rhizosphere microorganisms of this plant. Ecol. Chem. Eng./Chem. Inż. Ekolog. 12(4), 441–450.
Patkowska E., 2009. Effect of bio-products on bean yield and bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 18(2), 255–263.
Patkowska E., 2010. Use of chemical dressing and post-culture liquids of antagonistic bacteria in the protection of runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.). Ecol. Chem. Eng. A 17(9), 1153–1160.
Patkowska E., 2012. Bioróżnorodność mikroorganizmów zasiedlających soję, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, oraz podatność roślin różnych odmian na porażenie przez grzyby ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Phomopsis sojae Lehman. Rozpr. Nauk. UP w Lublinie, 360, 196.
Patkowska E., Błażewicz-Woźniak M., 2013. May the post-culture liquids of bacteria influence on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) healthiness? Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 12(3), 171–182.
Patkowska E., Konopiński M., 2008. Pathogenicity of selected soil-borne microorganisms for scorzonera seedlings (Scorzonera hispanica L.). Folia Hort. 20/1, 31–42.
Patkowska E., Konopiński M., 2011. Cover crops and soil-borne fungi dangerous towards the cultivation of salsify (Tragopogon porrifolius var. sativus (Gaterau) Br.). Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 10(2), 167–181.
Patkowska E., Pięta D., 2010. Use of chemical dressing and post-culture liquids of antagonistic fungi in the protection of runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) from soil-borne fungi. Ecol. Chem. Eng. A 17(9), 1161–1169.
Pedersen A.L., Ekelund F., Johansen A., Winding A., 2010. Interaction of bacteria-feeding soil flagellates and Pseudomonas spp. Biol. Fert. Soils 46(2), 151–158.
Pięta D., Kęsik T., 2007. The effect of conservation tillage on microorganism communities in the soil under onion cultivation. EJPAU, Horticulture, v. 10, Issue 1. http://www.ejpau.media.pl
Pięta D., Patkowska E., Pastucha A., 2005. The protective effect of biopreparations applied as the dressing for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.). Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 4(2), 59–67.
Rezende A.A., Juliatti F.C., 2010. Soybean seeds treatment with fluquinconazole in the control of the Asian rust. Biosci. J. 26(1), 84–94.
Scherm H., Christiano R.S.C., Esker P.D., Ponte E.M., Godoy C.V., 2009. Quantitative review of fungicide efficacy trials for managing soybean rust in Brazil. Crop Prot. 28(9), 774–782.
Steinkellner S., Lendzemo V., Langer I., Schweiger P., Khaosaad T., Toussaint J.P., Vierheilig H., 2007. Flavonoids and strigolactones in root exudates as signals in symbiotic and pathogenic plant-fungus interactions. Molecules 12, 1290–1306.
Steinkellner S., Mammerler R., Vierheilig H., 2008. Germination of Fusarium oxysporum in root exudates from tomato plants challenged with different Fusarium oxysporum strains. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 122, 395–401.
Tamás L., Budìková S., Huttová J., Mistrìk I., Šimonovićová M., Široká B., 2005. Aluminuminduced cell death of barley-root border cells is correlated with peroxidase- and oxalate oxidase-mediated hydrogen peroxide production. Plant Cell Rep. 24, 189–194.
Tomalak M., Sosnowska D., Lipa J., 2010. Tendencje rozwoju metod biologicznych w ochronie roślin. Progr. in Plant Prot./Post. w Ochr. Rośl. 50(4), 1650–1660.
Weller D.M., 2007. Pseudomonas biocontrol agents of soilborne pathogens: Looking back over 30 years. Phytopathology 97, 250–256.
Zhang J.X., Xue A.G., 2010. Biocontrol of sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of soybean using novel Bacillus subtilis strain SB24 under control conditions. Plant Pathol. 59(2), 382–391.
Elżbieta Patkowska
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
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