EARLY PERFORMANCE OF ‘MUTSU’ APPLE TREES ON DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCKS IN THE LOWER SILESIA REGION
Ireneusz Sosna
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life SciencesEwelina Gudarowska
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life SciencesAbstract
Rootstock has a large impact, inter alia, on the growth of trees, yielding and fruit quality. Despite continuous breeding programmes, M.9 rootstock is still the best
rootstock for apple trees. In the spring of 2007, at the Fruit Experimental Station at Samotwór near Wrocław, an experiment was set up, under which several less known rootstocks, grown mainly in Eastern Europe, were evaluated. The subject of the studies were 'Mutsu' trees planted with the spacing of 3.5 m between rows, and the within-row spacing of 0.8 m (PB-4, B.146), 1.2 m (B.491, P 16) and 1.7 m (B.7-35, B.396 and ARM 18). M.9 and M.26 were used as standard rootstocks. Until the fifth year after planting, the most vigorous were trees on the B.7-35 rootstock, while trees grafted on the PB-4 showed the weakest growth. The largest yield was obtained for apple trees grafted on the B.396. Trees growing on the PB-4 had the smallest fruits. Apples from trees grafted on other rootstocks were characterized by a similar mass.
Keywords:
Malus × domestica, vigour, blooming, yield, fruit massReferences
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Skrivele M., Rubauskis E., Ikase L., 2011. Apple rootstocks in Latvian orchards – situation and tendencies. Acta Hort. 903, 363–370.
Sosna I., 2005. Growth and cropping of several scab-resistant apple cultivars on six rootstocks. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 4(1), 109–118.
Sosna I., 2007. Estimation of growth and yielding of several apple cultivars on M.26 rootstock. Spontaneous and induced variation for the genetic improvement of horticultural crops. Univ. Technol. Life Sci. – Bydgoszcz, 353–359.
Univer T., Kviklys D., Lepsis J., Univer N., 2010. Early performance of ‘Auksis’ apple trees on dwarfing rootstocks in the Baltic region. Agronomy Res. 8, 743–748.
Vercammen J., 2003. Can a different rootstock improve the fruit size and colouring of Jonagold? Fruitteelt-nieuws 16(21/22), 13–15.
Vercammen J., Daele G., van Gomand A., 2007. Can fruit size and colouring of ‘Jonagold’ be improved by a different rootstocks? Acta Hort. 732, 159–163.
Webster A.D., Hollands M.S., 1999. Apple rootstock studies: comparison of Polish, Russian, USA and UK selections as rootstocks for the apple cultivar Cox’s Orange Pippin (Malus domestica Borkh.). J. Hort. Sci. Biotech. 74(3), 367–374.
Bielicki P., Czynczyk A., Bartosiewicz B., 2006. Preliminary evaluation of apple tree cultivar ‘Celeste’ on dwarf rootstocks in Central Poland. Sodininkysté ir Daržininkysté 25(3), 158–163.
Brown S.K., Maloney K.E., 2003. The genetic improvement of apple. Compact Fruit Tree 36(2), 38–42.
Czynczyk A., Bielicki P., Robinson T.L., 2010. Seven-year evaluation of Geneva® and Polish rootstocks with ‘Golden Delicious Reinders’ apple in Poland. J. Amer. Pomol. Soc. 64(1), 42–51.
Dierend W., Bier-Kamotzke A., 2009. Influence of dwarfed apple rootstocks on growth, yield and fruit size of various varieties – Part IV: Concluding valuation. Erwerbsobstbau 51(1), 11–19.
Gruca Z., 1999. Wpływ podkładek i rozstawy drzew na wzrost i plonowanie jabłoni odmiany Ligol. Zesz. Nauk. AR Kraków 351, 239–243.
Haak E., 2006. Growth intensity of apple-trees on clonal rootstocks before the brginning of fruit bearing. Latvian J. Agronomy 9, 28–31.
Jadczuk-Tobjasz E., Zygmuntowska K., 2009. Wzrost i plonowanie drzew jabłoni odmiany Golden Delicious w zależności od podkładki. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Rol. 536, 103–109.
Jadczuk-Tobjasz E., Zygmuntowska K., Szlązak R., 2009. Przydatność podkładek dla jabłoni odmiany Elise. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Rol. 539, 229–237.
Kowalczyk W., Wrona D., 2011. Growth and bearing of apple cultivar ‘Elise’ on eighteen vegetative rootstocks in “V” planting system. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 10(2), 125–135.
Kruczyńska D., 1998. Nowe odmiany jabłoni. Hortpress, Warszawa.
Kukhto V.S., 2010. Formation of productivity of apple cv. Antey and Alesya on 62–396 and PB-4 rootstocks. Plodovodstvo 22, 47–53.
Kviklys D., Kvikliene N., Bite A., Lepsis J., Univer T., Univer N., Uselis N., Lanauskas J., Buskiene L., 2012. Baltic fruit rootstock studies: evaluation of 12 apple rootstocks in North-East Europe. Hort. Sci. (Prague) 39(1), 1–7.
Maas F.M., Wertheim S.J., 2004. A multi-site rootstock trial with the apple cultivars ´Cox’s Orange Pippin’ and ‘Jonagold’. Acta Hort. 658(1), 177–184.
Marini R.P., Anderson J.L., Autio W.R., Barritt B.H., Cline J., Cowgill W.P., Crassweller R.C., Garner R.M., Gauss A., Godin R., Greene G.M., Hampson C., Hirst P., Kushad M.M., Masabni J., Mielke E., Moran R., Mullins C.A., Parker M., Perry R.L., Prive J.P., Reighard G.L., Robinson T.L., Rom C.R., Roper T., Schupp J.R., 2006. Performance of ‘Gala’ apple trees on 18 dwarfing rootstocks: ten-year summary of the 1994 NC-140 rootstock trial. J. Amer. Pomol. Soc. 60(2), 69–83.
McAfee J.D., Rom C.R., 2003. Evaluation of size-controlling apple rootstocks for high-density ‘Gala’ apple orchards in Arkansas: final year results of the 1994 NC-140 uniform apple rootstock trial. Hort. Studies, 21–23.
Piestrzeniewicz C., Sadowski A., Dziuban R., 2009. Suitability of different dwarfing rootstocks for ‘Rubin’ apple trees grown in fertile soil. J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res. 17(2), 53–62.
Pietranek A., Jadczuk E., Sadowski A., Piestrzeniewicz C., 2007. Early orchard performance of ‘Sawa’ apple trees on twelve dwarfing rootstocks. Acta Hort. 732, 207–210.
Porębski S., Leja M., Skrzyński J., Banach P., 2009. Wpływ podkładek karłowych na wzrost i owocowanie jabłoni odmiany ‘Rubin’. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Rol. 539, 601–606.
Porębski S., Poniedziałek W., Gąstoł M., Rzeźnicka B., 2005. Growth and fruiting of ‘Rubin’ apple trees on six dwarf rootstocks (preliminary results). Folia Hort. 17(2), 103–110.
Samus V., Gadzhiev S., Poplavskiy V., Drabudko N., 2006. Rootstocks of fruit crops in Belarus. Sodininkysté ir Daržininkysté 25(3), 34–38.
Skrivele M., Rubauskis E., Ikase L., 2011. Apple rootstocks in Latvian orchards – situation and tendencies. Acta Hort. 903, 363–370.
Sosna I., 2005. Growth and cropping of several scab-resistant apple cultivars on six rootstocks. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 4(1), 109–118.
Sosna I., 2007. Estimation of growth and yielding of several apple cultivars on M.26 rootstock. Spontaneous and induced variation for the genetic improvement of horticultural crops. Univ. Technol. Life Sci. – Bydgoszcz, 353–359.
Univer T., Kviklys D., Lepsis J., Univer N., 2010. Early performance of ‘Auksis’ apple trees on dwarfing rootstocks in the Baltic region. Agronomy Res. 8, 743–748.
Vercammen J., 2003. Can a different rootstock improve the fruit size and colouring of Jonagold? Fruitteelt-nieuws 16(21/22), 13–15.
Vercammen J., Daele G., van Gomand A., 2007. Can fruit size and colouring of ‘Jonagold’ be improved by a different rootstocks? Acta Hort. 732, 159–163.
Webster A.D., Hollands M.S., 1999. Apple rootstock studies: comparison of Polish, Russian, USA and UK selections as rootstocks for the apple cultivar Cox’s Orange Pippin (Malus domestica Borkh.). J. Hort. Sci. Biotech. 74(3), 367–374.
Ireneusz Sosna
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
Ewelina Gudarowska
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
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