DYNAMICS OF SWEET BASIL (Ocimum basilicum L.) GROWTH AFFECTED BY CULTIVAR AND FOLIAR FEEDING WITH NITROGEN
Renata Nurzyńska-Wierdak
University of Life Sciences in LublinBartłomiej Borowski
University of Life Sciences in LublinAbstract
Growing herbal plants is connected with obtaining the high yield of raw material, abundant in active substances. The growth and yield of these plants can be effectively improved by growing valuable cultivars and appropriate agrotechnical procedures. One of the latter is foliar feeding of plants with nitrogen, which is a fast-acting and extremely effective procedure. The conducted studies were aimed at comparing growth dynamics in four basil cultivars, including the Polish ones: Kasia and Wala, as well as determining the effect of foliar plant feeding with nitrogen upon their growth and development. The plants were grown from March till July 2008 and 2009 in an unheated foil tunnel. During the experiment the thermal conditions were generally favorable for basil development. Foliar feeding of basil was conducted with the use of hand spraying machine, dosing 0.5% urea solution. The examined basil cultivars were characterized by various growth dynamics,
which was also related to temperature distribution in the growing period. The highest accretion was that of the Polish cultivar Kasia plants. The examined basil plants responded well to foliar nitrogen feeding. The application of urea contributed to a significant increase of the height of basil plants, as well as of the length and width of their leaf blades. However, this procedure did not simultaneously affect the plant diameter and number of sprout branchings.
Keywords:
Lamiaceae, morphological variability, plant growth, application of ureaReferences
Bączek-Kwinta R., Serek B., Wątor A., Hura K., 2009. Porównanie aktywności antyoksydacyjnej odmian bazylii mierzonej różnymi metodami. Zesz. Prob. Post. Nauk Rol. 539, 45–56.
Biesiada A., Kuś A., 2010. The effect of nitrogen fertilization and irrigation on yielding and nutritional status of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L). Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 9(2), 3–12.
Borowski E., Blamowski Z.K., 2009. The effect of triacontanol ‘TRIA’ and Asahi SL on the development and metabolic activity of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants treated with chilling. Folia Hort., 21, 1, 39–48.
Borowski E., Michałek S., 2010. The effect of foliar nutrition of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) with magnesium salts and urea on gas exchange, leaf yield and quality. Acta Agrobot., 63, 1, 77–85.
Carović-Stanko K., Orlić S., Politem O., Strikić F., 2010. Composition and antibacterial activities of essentials oils of seven Ocimum taxa. Food Chem., 119, 196–201.
Chang X., Alderson P.G., Wright Ch.J., 2008. Solar irradiance level alters the growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and its content of volatile oils. Environ. Exp. Bot., 63, 216–223.
Daneshian A., Gurbuz B., Cosge B., Ipek A., 2009. Chemical components of essential oils from basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) grown at different nitrogen levels. International J. Natural Eng. Sc. 3, 3, 8–12.
De Masi L., Siviero P., Esposito C., Castaldo D., Siano F., Laratta B., 2006. Assessment of agronomic, chemical and genetic variability in common basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Eur. Food Res. Technol., 233, 2, 273–281.
Dzida K., 2010a. Nutrients contents in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) herb depending on calcium carbonate dose and cultivar. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 9(4), 143–151.
Dzida K., 2010b. Biological value and essential oil content in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) depending on calcium fertilization and cultivar. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 9(4), 153–161.
Eckelmann S., 2002. Biodiversität der Gattung Ocimum L., insbesondere der Kultursippen. PhD dissertation, University of Kassel.
Golcz A., Seidler-Łożykowska K., 2008. Bazylia pospolita (Ocimum basilicum L.). Wyd. UP Poznań.
Hussain A.I., Anwar F., Sherazi S.T.H., Przybylski R., 2008. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of basil (Ocimum basilicum) essential oils depends on seasonal variations. Food Chem., 108, 986–995.
Morales M.R., Simon J. 1997. ‘Sweet Dani’: a new culinary and ornamental lemon basil. HortScience, 32, 1, 148–149.
Nazim K., Achmed M., Uzair M., 2009. Growth potential of two species of basil in sandy soil of Karachi. Pak. J Bot., 41, 4, 1637–1644.
Nguyen P.M., Niemeyer E.D., 2008. Effects of nitrogen fertilization on the phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). J Agric. Chem., 56, 18, 8685–91.
Nurzyńska-Wierdak R., 2007a. Evaluation of morphological and developmental variability and essentials oil composition of selected basil cultivars. Herba Pol., 53, 3, 255–261.
Nurzyńska-Wierdak R., 2007b. Comparing the growth and flowering of selected basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) varieties. Acta Agrobot., 60, 2, 127–131.
Nurzyńska-Wierdak R., Borowski B., Dzida K., 2011. Yield and chemical composition of basil herb depending on cultivar and foliar feeding with nitrogen. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 10(1), 207–219.
Phuong M., Nguyen, Kwee E.M., Niemeyer E.D., 2010. Potassium rate alters the antioxidant capacity and phenolic concentration of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Food Chem., 123, 1235–1241.
Refaat A.M., Saleh M.M., 1998. The combined effect of irrigation intervals and nutrition on sweet basil plants. Hortic. Abstr. 68, 6, 515–526.
Runyoro D., Ngassapa O., Vagionas K., Aligiannis N., Graikou K., Chinou I., 2010. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils form four Ocimum species growing in Tanzania. Food Chem., 119, 311–316.
Seidler-Łożykowska K., Kaźmierczak K., 2001. Hodowla bazylii pospolitej (Ocimum basilicum L.). Herba Pol., 3, 187–190.
Simon J.E., Quinn J., Murray R.G., 1990. Basil: A source of essential oils. p. 484–489. In: Janick J., Simon J.E. (eds.), Advances in new crops. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Tansi S., Nacar S., 2000. First cultivation trials of lemon basil (Ocimum basilicum var. citriodorum) in Turkey. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 3, 3, 395–397.
Vieira R.F., Simon J.E., 2006. Chemical characterization of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) based on volatile oils. Flav. Fragr. J., 21, 214–221.
Zamfirache M.M., Burzo I., Olteanu Z., Dunca S., Surdu S., Truta E., Stefan M., Rosu C.M., 2008. Research regarding the volatile oils composition for Ocimum basilicum L. and possible phytotherapeutic effects. Ann. St. Univ. “Al. I. Cuza” Iasi, s. Geneti. Biol. Molecular., IX, 35–40.
Zhao W.Y., Xu S., Li J.L., Cui L.J., Chen Y.N., Wang J.Z., 2008. Effects of foliar application of nitrogen on the photosynthetic performance and growth of two fescue cultivars under heat stress. Biol. Plant., 52, 1, 113–116.
Zheljazkov V.I., Cantrell C.L., Ebelhar M.W., Rowe D.E., Coker C., 2008. Productivity, oil content and oil composition of sweet basil as a function of nitrogen and sulphur fertilization. HortSci., 43, 5, 1415–1422.
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
License
Articles are made available under the conditions CC BY 4.0 (until 2020 under the conditions CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Submission of the paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
The author signs a statement of the originality of the work, the contribution of individuals, and source of funding.
