THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PRUNING TREATMENTS ON THE GROWTH, FRUIT QUALITY AND YIELD OF 'HACIHALILOGLU' APRICOT
M. Naim Demitras
Malatya Fruit Research Institute, TurkeyIbrahim Bolat
Harran University, Sanliurfa, TurkeySezai Ercisli
Ataturk University, Erzurum, TurkeyAli Ikinci
Harran University, Sanliurfa, TurkeyHandan A. Olmez
Olive Research Institute, Izmir, TurkeyMustafa Sahin
Olive Research Institute, Izmir, TurkeyMustafa Altindag
PravinciaI Directorate of Agriculture, Canakkale, TurkeyBelgin Celik
Malatya Fruit Research Institute, TurkeyAbstract
This study was conducted in Malatya, between 1999 and 2003, and the region's most important dried apricot variety, Hacihaliloglu was used as material. In the study, the effect of 5 different combined or alone pruning treatments on the growth, fruit quality and yield characteristics were determined in comparison with non-pruned trees. Pruning treatments in different periods did not statistically affect phenological features and fruit dimensions but strongly affected total soluble solid and fruit firmness of Hacihaliloglu apricot cultivar. The highest average yield considering trunk cross-sectional area was obtained as 0.34 kg·cm-2 from pre-harvest summer pruning treatment and the highest share of flower bud was observed as 68.29% in pre-harvest summer+winter pruning treatment. Pruning applications significantly affected both shoot diameter and length. The highest shoot diameter and length were obtained from pre-harvest summer+winter pruning application
as 8.52 mm and 77.84 cm, respectively. The highest leaf area was determined as 39.43 cm2 in post harvest pruning treatment.
Keywords:
Prunus armeniaca L., summer pruning, winter pruning, pomological fruit featuresReferences
Akcay M.E., 2001. The effect of pruning on growth, yield and quality in sweet cherries. Proceedings of 1st stone Fruits Symposium, Yalova Turkey, p. 153–159.
Anonymous., 2008. Food and Agricultural Organization. www.fao.org.
AOAC., 1984. Officials methods of analysis (14th ed.). VA, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Arlington.
Barden J.A., Marini R.P., 1984. Summer and dormant pruning of apple – a four year summary. Acta Hort. 146, 263–268.
Barnalte M.J, Sabio E., Hernandez M.T., Gervasini C., 2003. Influence of storage delay on quality of "Van" sweet cherry. Post. Biol. Technol. 28, 303–312.
Carlson R.F., 1982. Fruit tree training and pruning. Compact Fruit Tree, 15, 96–98.
Chitkara S.D., Arora R.K., Sharma R.K., 1991. Effect of various levels of pruning on yield and fruit quality in Flordasun peach. Haryana J. Hort. Sci. 20, 189–192.
Christopher S.W., Allnutt F.J., Miller A.N., Thompson A.H., 1989. Nitrogen level and time of mechanized summer shearing influence long-term performance of a high-density “redskin” peach orchard. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 114, 373–377.
Cust C.R., Ferree D.C., 1985. Time and severity of summer pruning influences on young peach tree net photosynthesis, transpiration, and dry weight distribution. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 110, 455–461.
Daulta B.S., Devi S., Sing D., 1986. Effect of severity pruning on yield and quality of peach cv. Sharbati. Indian J. Hort. 43, 180–183.
Day K.R., Dejong T.M., Hewwit A.A., 1989. Postharvest summer pruning of “Firebrite” nectarine trees. HortScience 24, 238–240.
De Jong T.M., Day K.R., 1991. Relationship between shoot productivity and leaf charecteristics in peach canopies. HortScience 26, 1271–1273.
Demirtas M.N., 2003. The effect of irrigation systems on water consumption in apricot. Harran University MS Thesis. p. 126.
Ercisli S., 2004. A short review of the fruit germplasm resources of Turkey. Genet. Res. Crop Evol. 51, 419–435.
Ercisli S., 2009. Apricot culture in Turkey. Sci. Res. Essays, 4, 715–719.
Esitken A., Karlidag H., Ercisli S., Turan M., Sahin F., 2003. The effect of spraying a growth promoting bacterium on the yield, growth and nutrient element composition of leaves of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L. cv. Hacihaliloglu). Australian J. Agric. Res. 54, 377–380.
Furukawa Y., Kataoka T., Shimomura M., Ogata T., 1992. Productivity of high density peach orchard using a free rootstock (Prunus persica thunb.). Acta Hort. 315, 97–102.
Guleryuz M., Ercisli S., Esitken A., 1999. A study on characteristic features of apricot in Erzincan, Malatya and Igdir provinces. Acta Hort. 488, 165–170.
Hussein MIS., 1988. Yield and fruit quality of peach (Prunus persica (L.) (batsch) as affected by summer and winter pruning [Suncrest cultivar, percentage of the total soluble solids, fruit diameter, fruit numbers]. Jordan Univ. Amman (Jordan). Dept of Plant Production, 45 p.
Ikinci A, 1999. The effect different pruning treatments on yield, quality and carbohydrate accumulation in peach, almond and apricot. PhD thesis. Cukurova University 213 p.
Kuden A, Kaska N., 1995. Effects of winter and summer pruning on the yield and fruit quality of Priana and Beliana apricot cultivars. Acta Hort. 384, 455–459.
Lord WJ., Greene D.W., 1982. Effect of summer pruning on the quality of McIntosh apples. HortScience 17, 372–373.
Marini R.P., 1985. Vegetatif growth, yield, and fruit quality of peach as influenced by dormant pruning, summer pruning, and summer topping. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 110, 133–139.
Marini R.P., 1986. Defoliation, flower bud cold hardiness, and bloom date of peach as influenced by pruning treatments. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 113, 391–394.
Mika A, 1986. Physiological responses of fruit trees to pruning. Hort. Review. 8, 339 336.
Miller S.S., 1982. Re growth, flowering and fruit quality of ‘Delicious’ apple trees as influenced by summer pruning. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 107, 975–978.
Miller S.S., 1987. Summer pruning affects fruit quality and light penetration in young peach trees. HortScience 22, 390–393.
Myers S.C., Ferree D.C., 1984. Summer pruning for size control in a high density ‘Delicious’/M9 system. Acta Hort. 146, 253–26l.
Myers S.C., 1990. Summer pruning effects on young peach tree development an fruit quality, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting, Arkansas State Horticultural Society, 1989, 1990. 110, 194–199.
Myers S.C., 1993. Preharvest watersprout removal influences canopy light relations, fruit quality and flower bud formation of ‘Redskin’ peach trees. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 118, 442–445.
Niran J., 1981. Effects of time of pruning on some characteristics of peach (Prunus persica L.) cvs. Flordabelle and Flordasun. Kasetsart Univ. Bangkok (Thailand). Graduate School, Bangkok (Thailand), 111 p.
Radajewska B., Szklarz M., 2008. Effect of intensive regeneration pruning of frostbitten peach trees 'Harbinger' cv. on their growth and yielding. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus 7(4), 43–56.
Rom C.R., Ferree D.C., 1985. Time and severity of summer pruning influences on young peach tree net photosynthesis, transpiration, and dry weight distribution. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 110, 455–461.
Sahin T., Soylu A., 2001. The effect of training systems and chemical applications on peach cultivars on quality and growth of peaches. Proceedings of lst Stone Fruits Symposium, Yalova Turkey, p. 139–152.
Szklarz M., Radajewska, B., 2009. The effect of mulch type and pruning on growth and yielding of nectarine (Prunus persica L.) cv 'Fantasia'. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 8(3), 45–52.
Son L., Kuden A., 1998. The effect of pruning on yield and fruit quality in Precoce de tyrinthe, Tokaleglu and Karacabey apricots. Ekin J. 4, 48–51.
Strain H.H., Svec W.A., 1966. Extraction, separation, estimation and isolation of chlorophylls. in: Vernon, L.P., Seely, G.R. (eds.), the chlorophylls. Academic Press, p. 21–66, New York.
Tehrani G., Leuty S.J., 1987. Influence of rootstock and pruning on productivity, growth, and fruit size of European plum cultivars. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 112, 743–747.
Walsh C.S., Alnutt F.J., Miller A.N., Thompson A.H., 1989. Nitrogen level and time of mechanized summer shearing influence long-term performance of a high-density “Red skin” peach orchard. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 114, 373–377.
Anonymous., 2008. Food and Agricultural Organization. www.fao.org.
AOAC., 1984. Officials methods of analysis (14th ed.). VA, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Arlington.
Barden J.A., Marini R.P., 1984. Summer and dormant pruning of apple – a four year summary. Acta Hort. 146, 263–268.
Barnalte M.J, Sabio E., Hernandez M.T., Gervasini C., 2003. Influence of storage delay on quality of "Van" sweet cherry. Post. Biol. Technol. 28, 303–312.
Carlson R.F., 1982. Fruit tree training and pruning. Compact Fruit Tree, 15, 96–98.
Chitkara S.D., Arora R.K., Sharma R.K., 1991. Effect of various levels of pruning on yield and fruit quality in Flordasun peach. Haryana J. Hort. Sci. 20, 189–192.
Christopher S.W., Allnutt F.J., Miller A.N., Thompson A.H., 1989. Nitrogen level and time of mechanized summer shearing influence long-term performance of a high-density “redskin” peach orchard. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 114, 373–377.
Cust C.R., Ferree D.C., 1985. Time and severity of summer pruning influences on young peach tree net photosynthesis, transpiration, and dry weight distribution. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 110, 455–461.
Daulta B.S., Devi S., Sing D., 1986. Effect of severity pruning on yield and quality of peach cv. Sharbati. Indian J. Hort. 43, 180–183.
Day K.R., Dejong T.M., Hewwit A.A., 1989. Postharvest summer pruning of “Firebrite” nectarine trees. HortScience 24, 238–240.
De Jong T.M., Day K.R., 1991. Relationship between shoot productivity and leaf charecteristics in peach canopies. HortScience 26, 1271–1273.
Demirtas M.N., 2003. The effect of irrigation systems on water consumption in apricot. Harran University MS Thesis. p. 126.
Ercisli S., 2004. A short review of the fruit germplasm resources of Turkey. Genet. Res. Crop Evol. 51, 419–435.
Ercisli S., 2009. Apricot culture in Turkey. Sci. Res. Essays, 4, 715–719.
Esitken A., Karlidag H., Ercisli S., Turan M., Sahin F., 2003. The effect of spraying a growth promoting bacterium on the yield, growth and nutrient element composition of leaves of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L. cv. Hacihaliloglu). Australian J. Agric. Res. 54, 377–380.
Furukawa Y., Kataoka T., Shimomura M., Ogata T., 1992. Productivity of high density peach orchard using a free rootstock (Prunus persica thunb.). Acta Hort. 315, 97–102.
Guleryuz M., Ercisli S., Esitken A., 1999. A study on characteristic features of apricot in Erzincan, Malatya and Igdir provinces. Acta Hort. 488, 165–170.
Hussein MIS., 1988. Yield and fruit quality of peach (Prunus persica (L.) (batsch) as affected by summer and winter pruning [Suncrest cultivar, percentage of the total soluble solids, fruit diameter, fruit numbers]. Jordan Univ. Amman (Jordan). Dept of Plant Production, 45 p.
Ikinci A, 1999. The effect different pruning treatments on yield, quality and carbohydrate accumulation in peach, almond and apricot. PhD thesis. Cukurova University 213 p.
Kuden A, Kaska N., 1995. Effects of winter and summer pruning on the yield and fruit quality of Priana and Beliana apricot cultivars. Acta Hort. 384, 455–459.
Lord WJ., Greene D.W., 1982. Effect of summer pruning on the quality of McIntosh apples. HortScience 17, 372–373.
Marini R.P., 1985. Vegetatif growth, yield, and fruit quality of peach as influenced by dormant pruning, summer pruning, and summer topping. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 110, 133–139.
Marini R.P., 1986. Defoliation, flower bud cold hardiness, and bloom date of peach as influenced by pruning treatments. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 113, 391–394.
Mika A, 1986. Physiological responses of fruit trees to pruning. Hort. Review. 8, 339 336.
Miller S.S., 1982. Re growth, flowering and fruit quality of ‘Delicious’ apple trees as influenced by summer pruning. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 107, 975–978.
Miller S.S., 1987. Summer pruning affects fruit quality and light penetration in young peach trees. HortScience 22, 390–393.
Myers S.C., Ferree D.C., 1984. Summer pruning for size control in a high density ‘Delicious’/M9 system. Acta Hort. 146, 253–26l.
Myers S.C., 1990. Summer pruning effects on young peach tree development an fruit quality, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting, Arkansas State Horticultural Society, 1989, 1990. 110, 194–199.
Myers S.C., 1993. Preharvest watersprout removal influences canopy light relations, fruit quality and flower bud formation of ‘Redskin’ peach trees. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 118, 442–445.
Niran J., 1981. Effects of time of pruning on some characteristics of peach (Prunus persica L.) cvs. Flordabelle and Flordasun. Kasetsart Univ. Bangkok (Thailand). Graduate School, Bangkok (Thailand), 111 p.
Radajewska B., Szklarz M., 2008. Effect of intensive regeneration pruning of frostbitten peach trees 'Harbinger' cv. on their growth and yielding. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus 7(4), 43–56.
Rom C.R., Ferree D.C., 1985. Time and severity of summer pruning influences on young peach tree net photosynthesis, transpiration, and dry weight distribution. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 110, 455–461.
Sahin T., Soylu A., 2001. The effect of training systems and chemical applications on peach cultivars on quality and growth of peaches. Proceedings of lst Stone Fruits Symposium, Yalova Turkey, p. 139–152.
Szklarz M., Radajewska, B., 2009. The effect of mulch type and pruning on growth and yielding of nectarine (Prunus persica L.) cv 'Fantasia'. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 8(3), 45–52.
Son L., Kuden A., 1998. The effect of pruning on yield and fruit quality in Precoce de tyrinthe, Tokaleglu and Karacabey apricots. Ekin J. 4, 48–51.
Strain H.H., Svec W.A., 1966. Extraction, separation, estimation and isolation of chlorophylls. in: Vernon, L.P., Seely, G.R. (eds.), the chlorophylls. Academic Press, p. 21–66, New York.
Tehrani G., Leuty S.J., 1987. Influence of rootstock and pruning on productivity, growth, and fruit size of European plum cultivars. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 112, 743–747.
Walsh C.S., Alnutt F.J., Miller A.N., Thompson A.H., 1989. Nitrogen level and time of mechanized summer shearing influence long-term performance of a high-density “Red skin” peach orchard. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 114, 373–377.
M. Naim Demitras
Malatya Fruit Research Institute, Turkey
Malatya Fruit Research Institute, Turkey
Ibrahim Bolat
Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
Sezai Ercisli
Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
Ali Ikinci
Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
Handan A. Olmez
Olive Research Institute, Izmir, Turkey
Olive Research Institute, Izmir, Turkey
Mustafa Sahin
Olive Research Institute, Izmir, Turkey
Olive Research Institute, Izmir, Turkey
Mustafa Altindag
PravinciaI Directorate of Agriculture, Canakkale, Turkey
PravinciaI Directorate of Agriculture, Canakkale, Turkey
Belgin Celik
Malatya Fruit Research Institute, Turkey
Malatya Fruit Research Institute, Turkey
License
Articles are made available under the conditions CC BY 4.0 (until 2020 under the conditions CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Submission of the paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
The author signs a statement of the originality of the work, the contribution of individuals, and source of funding.
