MORPHOLOGICAL IDENTITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF HEMIBIOTROPHIC FUNGUS COLLETOTRICHUM COCCODES COLONIZING PEPPER PLANTS
Agnieszka Jamiołkowska
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, PolandBarbara Skwaryło-Bednarz
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, PolandElżbieta Patkowska
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, PolandAbstract
Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes has been recognized as one of casual agents of anthracnose roots pepper in south-eastern Poland. During 2007–2012 the species was isolated from roots of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivated in the field. The purpose of the study was morphological characterization and biotic activity of C. coccodes isolates. Five randomly chosen isolates from fungus population and one reference isolate obtained from Bank of Plant Pathogens and Investigation of their Biodiversity of IPP-NRI in Poznan in Poland were studied. The character of culture like growth rate, the colour of averse and reverse and the formation of morphological structures of the fungus such as acervuli, conidia, sclerotia were studied. Ultrastructural observations of morphological structures were made using light and scanning electron microscopy. Biotic activity of C. coccodes was conducted using the method of biotic series on PDA. Seven species of test fungi were used in the study: Alternaria alternata, Aureobasidium pullulans, Gibberella avenacea, G. intricans, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, Trichoderma harzianum. The biotic activity test showed that C. coccodes is a weak competitor, and its development in the rhizosphere of sweet pepper may be limited by numerous antagonists.
Keywords:
Capsicum annuum, rhizosphere fungi, morphology, biotic activityReferences
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Ben-Daniel, B.H., Tsror Lahkim, L. (2012). Pectate liase affects pathogenicity in natural isolate of Colletotrichum coccodes and in pelA gene-disrupted and gene-overexpressing mutant lines. Mol. Plant Pathol. 13(2), 187–197.
Benítez, T., Rincón, A.M., Limón, M.C., Codón, A.C. (2004). Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. Int. Microbiol., 7(4), 249–260.
Choi, K.J., Kim, W.G., Kim, H.G., Choi, H.W., Lee, Y.K. (2011). Morphology, molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum panacicola causing anthracnose of Korean ginseng. Plant Pathol., J. 27, 1–7.
Cwalina-Ambroziak, B., Czajka, W. (2000). Potato stem infection by Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum coccodes in different crop rotation. Phytopathol. Pol., 20, 155–163.
Cwalina-Ambroziak, B., Bogucka, B., Trojak, A. (2007). Porażenie niektórych odmian ziemniaka przez Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr) Hughes w warunkach zróżnicowanego nawożenia azotem. Biul. IHAR 246, 135–144.
Cwalina-Ambroziak, B., Trojak, A. (2012). The effect of seed potato dressing on the severity of rhizoctoniose and anthracnose. Prog. Plant Prot., 52(3), 614–618.
Diao, Y.Z., Fan, J.R., Wang, Z.W., Liu, X.L. (2013). First report of Colletotrichum boninense causing anthracnose on pepper in China. Plant Dis., 97(1), 138.
Dillard, H.R. (1992). Colletotrichum coccodes: The pathogen and its hosts. In: Colletotrichum: biology, pathology and control. Bailey, J.A., Jeger, M.J. (eds). CABI, Wallingford, 225–236.
Fazli, M., Khodakaramian, G., Zafari, D., Bagheri, A. (2012). Interaction between Colletotrichum coccodes and Ralstonia solanacearum on three potato cultivars. Iran. J. Plant Pathol., 48(1), 31–33.
Hong, K.J., Hwang, B.K. (1998). Influence of inoculum density, wetness duration, plant age, inoculation methods and cultivar resistance on infection of pepper plants by Colletotrichum coccodes. Plant Dis., 82, 1079–1083.
Hyde, K.D., Cai, L., Cannon, P.F., Crouch, J.A., Crous, P.R., Damm, U., Goodwin, P.H., Chen, H., Johnston, P.R., Jones, E.B.G., Liu, Z.Y., McKenzie, E.H.C., Moriwaki, J., Noireung, P., Pennycook, S.R., Pfenning, L.H., Prihastuti, H., Sato, T., Shivas, R.G., Tan, Y.P., Taylor, P.W.J., Weir, B.S., Yang, Y.L., Zhang, J.Z. (2009). Colletotrichum – name in current use. Fungal Divers., 39, 147–182.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2008). Pathogenicity of some isolates of Colletotrichum coccodes and Fusarium spp. to sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) seedling. Phytopathol. Pol., 49, 65–71.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2009a). Fungi isolated from underground part of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants cultivated in the field. Phytopathol. Pol., 51, 37–44.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2009b). Fungi colonizing stems and leaves of hot pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivated in field. EJPAU, 12, 2. Available at: http.//www.ejpau.media.pl/volume12/issue2/art-07.html.
Jamiołkowska, A., Buczkowska, H. (2009). Grzyby występujące na papryce słodkiej (Capsicum annuum L.) w uprawie polowej. Prog. Plant Prot., 49(1), 201–208.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2011). Zdrowotność i plonowanie papryki ostrej (Capsicum annuum L.) uprawianej w polu w warunkach klimatycznych Lublina. Prog. Plant Prot., 51(3), 1041–1046.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2013). Preparaty biotechniczne i biologiczne w ochronie papryki słodkiej (Capsicum annuum L.) przed grzybami chorobotwórczymi i indukowaniu reakcji obronnych roślin. Rozpr. Nauk. UP w Lublinie, 379, 117 pp.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2014). The role of some secondary metabolites in the health status of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in the field. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 13(2), 15–30.
Jamiołkowska, A., Thanoon, A.H. (2016). Diversity and biotic activity of fungi colonizing pumpkin plants (Cu-curbita pepo L.) grown in the field. EJPAU, Horticulture, 19, 4. Available at: http://www.ejpau.media.pl/volume19/ issue4/art-11.html.
Mańka, K., Mańka, M. (1992). A New method for evaluating interaction between soil inhabiting fungi and plant pathogens. IOBC/WPRS Bull., 16, 45–52.
Martyniuk, S., Księżniak, A., Jończyk, K., Kuś, J. (2007). Microbial characteristics of soil under winter wheat cultivated in ecological and conventional system. J. Res. Appl. Agric. Eng., 52(3), 133–116.
Oh, I.S., In, Woo, M.S., Lee, I.S., Lee, S.K., Yu, S.H. (1988). Anthracnose of pepper seedlings caused by Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes. Kor. J. Mycol., 16, 151–156.
Park, K.S., Kim, C.H. (1992). Identification, distribution, and etiological characteristics of anthracnose fungi of red pepper in Korea. Kor. J. Plant Pathol., 8, 61–69.
Pearson, M.N., Bull, P.B., Speke, H. (1984). Anthracnose of Capsicum in Papua New Gwinea; varietal reaction and associated fungi. Trop. Pest Manage., 30(3), 230–233.
Redman, R.S., Rodriguez, R.J. (2002). Characterization and isolation of an extracellular serine protease from the tomato pathogen Colletotrichum coccodes, and it’s role in pathogenicity. Mycol. Res., 106(12), 1427–1434.
Roy, K.W., Killebrew, J.F., Ratnayake, S. (1997). First report of Colletotrichum capsici on bell pepper in Mississippi. Plant Dis., 81, 6, 693.
Shin, H.J., Zhang, C. L., Chen, Z.J. (2000). The comparative study of capsicum anthracnose pathogens from Korea with that of China. J. Zhejiang Univ. (Agric. Life Sci.), 26, 629–634.
Stevenson, W.R., Loria, R., Franc, G.D., Weingartner, D.P. (2004). Compendium of potato diseases. APS Press, St. Paul.
Stoyanova, Z.B., Rodeva, R.M., Karov, I., Kovacevik, B., Manova, V.I., Georgieva, R.G. (2013). Morphological and molecular characterization of Colletotrichum coccodes isolated from pepper cultivated in Bulgaria and Macedonia. J. Nat. Sci, Matica Srpska Novi Sad, 124, 249–261.
Suarez-Estrella, F., Vargas-Garcia, C., López, M.J., Moreno, J. (2007). Antagonistic activity of bacteria and fungi from horticultural compost against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis. Crop Prot., 26(1), 46–53.
Sutton, B.C. (1980). The Coleomycetes. C.M.I. Kew, Surrey.
Tsror Lahkim, L., Hazanovsky, M. (2001). Effect of coinoculation by Verticillium dahliae and Colletotrichum coccodes on disease symptoms and fungal colonization in four potato cultivars. Plant Pathol., 50, 483–488.
Zimowska, B., Zalewska, E.D., Król, E.D. (2016). Occurrence and characterization of Colletotrichum fuscum. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 15(4), 121–134.
Xia, H., Wang, X.L., Zhu, H.J., Gao, B.O. (2011). First report of anthracnose caused by Glomerella acutata on chili pepper in China. Plant Dis., 95(2), 219.
Yu, S.H., Park, J.S., Oh, I.S., Wu, I.S., Mathur, S.B. (1987). Colletotrichum coccodes found in seeds of Capsicum annuum and pathogenicity to Solanaceae plants. Kor. J. Mycol., 15, 183–186.
Ben-Daniel, B.H., Tsror Lahkim, L. (2012). Pectate liase affects pathogenicity in natural isolate of Colletotrichum coccodes and in pelA gene-disrupted and gene-overexpressing mutant lines. Mol. Plant Pathol. 13(2), 187–197.
Benítez, T., Rincón, A.M., Limón, M.C., Codón, A.C. (2004). Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. Int. Microbiol., 7(4), 249–260.
Choi, K.J., Kim, W.G., Kim, H.G., Choi, H.W., Lee, Y.K. (2011). Morphology, molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum panacicola causing anthracnose of Korean ginseng. Plant Pathol., J. 27, 1–7.
Cwalina-Ambroziak, B., Czajka, W. (2000). Potato stem infection by Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum coccodes in different crop rotation. Phytopathol. Pol., 20, 155–163.
Cwalina-Ambroziak, B., Bogucka, B., Trojak, A. (2007). Porażenie niektórych odmian ziemniaka przez Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr) Hughes w warunkach zróżnicowanego nawożenia azotem. Biul. IHAR 246, 135–144.
Cwalina-Ambroziak, B., Trojak, A. (2012). The effect of seed potato dressing on the severity of rhizoctoniose and anthracnose. Prog. Plant Prot., 52(3), 614–618.
Diao, Y.Z., Fan, J.R., Wang, Z.W., Liu, X.L. (2013). First report of Colletotrichum boninense causing anthracnose on pepper in China. Plant Dis., 97(1), 138.
Dillard, H.R. (1992). Colletotrichum coccodes: The pathogen and its hosts. In: Colletotrichum: biology, pathology and control. Bailey, J.A., Jeger, M.J. (eds). CABI, Wallingford, 225–236.
Fazli, M., Khodakaramian, G., Zafari, D., Bagheri, A. (2012). Interaction between Colletotrichum coccodes and Ralstonia solanacearum on three potato cultivars. Iran. J. Plant Pathol., 48(1), 31–33.
Hong, K.J., Hwang, B.K. (1998). Influence of inoculum density, wetness duration, plant age, inoculation methods and cultivar resistance on infection of pepper plants by Colletotrichum coccodes. Plant Dis., 82, 1079–1083.
Hyde, K.D., Cai, L., Cannon, P.F., Crouch, J.A., Crous, P.R., Damm, U., Goodwin, P.H., Chen, H., Johnston, P.R., Jones, E.B.G., Liu, Z.Y., McKenzie, E.H.C., Moriwaki, J., Noireung, P., Pennycook, S.R., Pfenning, L.H., Prihastuti, H., Sato, T., Shivas, R.G., Tan, Y.P., Taylor, P.W.J., Weir, B.S., Yang, Y.L., Zhang, J.Z. (2009). Colletotrichum – name in current use. Fungal Divers., 39, 147–182.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2008). Pathogenicity of some isolates of Colletotrichum coccodes and Fusarium spp. to sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) seedling. Phytopathol. Pol., 49, 65–71.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2009a). Fungi isolated from underground part of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants cultivated in the field. Phytopathol. Pol., 51, 37–44.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2009b). Fungi colonizing stems and leaves of hot pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivated in field. EJPAU, 12, 2. Available at: http.//www.ejpau.media.pl/volume12/issue2/art-07.html.
Jamiołkowska, A., Buczkowska, H. (2009). Grzyby występujące na papryce słodkiej (Capsicum annuum L.) w uprawie polowej. Prog. Plant Prot., 49(1), 201–208.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2011). Zdrowotność i plonowanie papryki ostrej (Capsicum annuum L.) uprawianej w polu w warunkach klimatycznych Lublina. Prog. Plant Prot., 51(3), 1041–1046.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2013). Preparaty biotechniczne i biologiczne w ochronie papryki słodkiej (Capsicum annuum L.) przed grzybami chorobotwórczymi i indukowaniu reakcji obronnych roślin. Rozpr. Nauk. UP w Lublinie, 379, 117 pp.
Jamiołkowska, A. (2014). The role of some secondary metabolites in the health status of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in the field. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 13(2), 15–30.
Jamiołkowska, A., Thanoon, A.H. (2016). Diversity and biotic activity of fungi colonizing pumpkin plants (Cu-curbita pepo L.) grown in the field. EJPAU, Horticulture, 19, 4. Available at: http://www.ejpau.media.pl/volume19/ issue4/art-11.html.
Mańka, K., Mańka, M. (1992). A New method for evaluating interaction between soil inhabiting fungi and plant pathogens. IOBC/WPRS Bull., 16, 45–52.
Martyniuk, S., Księżniak, A., Jończyk, K., Kuś, J. (2007). Microbial characteristics of soil under winter wheat cultivated in ecological and conventional system. J. Res. Appl. Agric. Eng., 52(3), 133–116.
Oh, I.S., In, Woo, M.S., Lee, I.S., Lee, S.K., Yu, S.H. (1988). Anthracnose of pepper seedlings caused by Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes. Kor. J. Mycol., 16, 151–156.
Park, K.S., Kim, C.H. (1992). Identification, distribution, and etiological characteristics of anthracnose fungi of red pepper in Korea. Kor. J. Plant Pathol., 8, 61–69.
Pearson, M.N., Bull, P.B., Speke, H. (1984). Anthracnose of Capsicum in Papua New Gwinea; varietal reaction and associated fungi. Trop. Pest Manage., 30(3), 230–233.
Redman, R.S., Rodriguez, R.J. (2002). Characterization and isolation of an extracellular serine protease from the tomato pathogen Colletotrichum coccodes, and it’s role in pathogenicity. Mycol. Res., 106(12), 1427–1434.
Roy, K.W., Killebrew, J.F., Ratnayake, S. (1997). First report of Colletotrichum capsici on bell pepper in Mississippi. Plant Dis., 81, 6, 693.
Shin, H.J., Zhang, C. L., Chen, Z.J. (2000). The comparative study of capsicum anthracnose pathogens from Korea with that of China. J. Zhejiang Univ. (Agric. Life Sci.), 26, 629–634.
Stevenson, W.R., Loria, R., Franc, G.D., Weingartner, D.P. (2004). Compendium of potato diseases. APS Press, St. Paul.
Stoyanova, Z.B., Rodeva, R.M., Karov, I., Kovacevik, B., Manova, V.I., Georgieva, R.G. (2013). Morphological and molecular characterization of Colletotrichum coccodes isolated from pepper cultivated in Bulgaria and Macedonia. J. Nat. Sci, Matica Srpska Novi Sad, 124, 249–261.
Suarez-Estrella, F., Vargas-Garcia, C., López, M.J., Moreno, J. (2007). Antagonistic activity of bacteria and fungi from horticultural compost against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis. Crop Prot., 26(1), 46–53.
Sutton, B.C. (1980). The Coleomycetes. C.M.I. Kew, Surrey.
Tsror Lahkim, L., Hazanovsky, M. (2001). Effect of coinoculation by Verticillium dahliae and Colletotrichum coccodes on disease symptoms and fungal colonization in four potato cultivars. Plant Pathol., 50, 483–488.
Zimowska, B., Zalewska, E.D., Król, E.D. (2016). Occurrence and characterization of Colletotrichum fuscum. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 15(4), 121–134.
Xia, H., Wang, X.L., Zhu, H.J., Gao, B.O. (2011). First report of anthracnose caused by Glomerella acutata on chili pepper in China. Plant Dis., 95(2), 219.
Yu, S.H., Park, J.S., Oh, I.S., Wu, I.S., Mathur, S.B. (1987). Colletotrichum coccodes found in seeds of Capsicum annuum and pathogenicity to Solanaceae plants. Kor. J. Mycol., 15, 183–186.
Agnieszka Jamiołkowska
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
Barbara Skwaryło-Bednarz
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
Elżbieta Patkowska
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
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