GROWTH AND YIELDING OF THE SEVERAL APRICOT CULTIVARS ON THE ‘SOMO’ SEEDLING AND VEGETATIVE ROOTSTOCK PUMISELECT®
Maria Licznar-Małańczuk
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life SciencesIreneusz Sosna
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life SciencesAbstrakt
Since many years the usefulness of different rootstocks has been estimated because of the cropping level, the growth, the physiological incompatibility between scion and rootstock and the mortality of the apricot trees. The Myrobalan, apricot seedlings, ‘Wangenheim Prune’ plum tree cv. and other rootstocks were evaluated in the earlier investigations. The study on the Lower Silesia area was conducted at the Fruit Experimental Station of the University of Environmental and Life Sciences of Wrocław, in 2006–2011. One year old apricot trees grafted on the Pumiselect® vegetative rootstock were planted in spring of 2006, at a spacing 4.0 × 3.2 m (780 trees per 1 ha), in 4 replications with 3 of ‘Bergeron’ or 4 of ‘Harcot’ and ‘Hargrand’ trees per plot. At the same time the apricot collection was established. Trees of the 9 cultivars were planted at a spacing 4.0 × 4.0 m (625 trees per 1 ha). During the disadvantage weather conditions at the first four years of
cropping the significant highest total yield over 40 kg per tree was recorded with ‘Harcot’ on the Pumiselect® rootstock. The other cultivars did not exceed 30 kg of fruit but all trees characterized the weakest growth in this rootstock. The previous investigation did not clear confirm the usefulness of Pumiselect® as a vegetative apricot rootstock for ‘Hargrand’ cv. because of the precocious trees decline and too low fruits in case of ‘Bergeron’ tree. The apricot trees on ‘Somo’ seedling growth stronger. Taking into account the yield, fruit quality and also the tree health status ‘Harcot’, ‘Heja’, ‘Karola’ and ‘Leskora’, ‘Łańcut’ cvs. were recognized as a suitable for commercial orchards on the Lower Silesia area.
Słowa kluczowe:
Prunus armeniaca, Prunus pumila, rootstock, growth, croppingBibliografia
Chełpiński P., Ostrowska K., Mikiciuk G., Grajkowski J., Ochmian I., 2005. Siła wzrostu oraz plonowanie moreli w warunkach Pomorza Zachodniego. Zesz. Nauk. ISiK – Skierniewice 13, 57–62.
Drén G., Thurzó S., Szabó Z., Nyéki J., Racskó J., Holb I.J., 2006. Fruit-bearing shoot characteristics of apricot cultivars in Hungary. Acta Hort. 717, 83–86.
Grzyb Z.S., Zdyb H., Sitarek M., 1996. Wpływ różnych podkładek na zdrowotność, siłę wzrostu i owocowanie moreli. Zesz. Nauk. ISiK Skierniewice 3, 55–62.
Gudarowska E., Licznar-Małańczuk M., 2006. The quality of root system of dwarf rootstock ‘Pumiselect’ for peach trees. Latvian J. Agron. 9, 24–27.
Gudarowska E., Szewczuk A., 2009. Wpływ nawadniania i agrożelu na jakość podkładki Pumiselect i jednorocznych drzewek dwóch odmian brzoskwini. Infrastr. Ekol. Teren. Wiejsk. 3, 119–128.
Hudina M., Fajt N., Štampar F., 2006. Influence of rootstock on orchard productivity and fruit quality in peach cv. ‘Redhaven’. J. Hort. Sci. Biotechnol. 81(6), 1064–1068.
Jacob H., 1992. Prunus pumila L., eine geeignete schwachwachsende Pfirsichunterlage. Erwerbsobstbau 34, 144–146.
Jakubowski T., 2006. Odmiany brzoskwini i moreli przydatne do uprawy w warunkach Polski. Ogólnopol. Konf., Nowe odmiany drzew owocowych. Skierniewice, 5 kwietnia, 59–63.
Knowles S.E., McLaren G.F., Glucina P.G., Alspach P., 1994. Performance of ‘Sundrop’ apricot on 23 rootstocks. New Zealand J. Crop Hort. Sci. 22, 419–430.
Laskowski P., 2007. Charakterystyka nowych odmian moreli zwyczajnej (Prunus armeniaca L.), wpisanych do krajowego rejestru na podstawie badań odrębności, wyrównania i trwałości (OWT). Naturalna i indukowana zmienność w genetycznym doskonaleniu roślin ogrodniczych. Wyd. UTP w Bydgoszczy, 61–65.
Licznar-Małańczuk M., Sosna I., 2005a. Evaluation of several apricot cultivars and clones in the Lower Silesia climatic conditions. Part I: Blossoming of trees, yield and fruit quality. J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res. 13, 39–48.
Licznar-Małańczuk M., Sosna I., 2005b. Evaluation of several apricot cultivars and clones in the Lower Silesia climatic conditions. Part II: Vigor, health and mortality. J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res. 13, 49–57.
Licznar-Małańczuk M., Sosna I., 2006. Quality of maiden apricot trees depending on rootstock and cultivar. Sodinink. Daržinink. 25(3), 57–61.
Licznar-Małańczuk M., Sosna I., 2009. Preliminary results of the possibility of using Pumiselect® rootstock for apricot tree cultivation. Zesz. Prob. Post. Nauk Rol., 536, 143–148.
López P.G., Brunton J.G., 2000. Performance of apricot cultivars in the northwest area of the region of Murcia. J. Experiment. Fruticul. 21, 163–170.
Nasir M.A., Nawaz M.Z., Baksh A., Summrah M.A., 2001. Standardization of rootstock for apricot in the Pothohar Track. J. Biol. Sci. 1(5), 368.
Nečas T., Krška B., Ondrášek I., 2008. Propagating stone fruit rootstocks using hardwood cuttings. Zbornik Refer. 2. Slov. Sadj. Kongr., Krško − Slovenija, 31 January–2 February, 387–390.
Sitarek M., Bartosiewicz B., 2011. Influence of a few seedling rootstocks on the growth, yield and fruit quality of apricot trees. J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res. 19(2), 81–86.
Sitarek M., Jakubowski T., 2006. Bud-take and maiden tree parameters of two apricot cultivars budded on different seedling rootstocks. Sodinink. Daržinink. 25(3), 47–51.
Son L., Küden A., 2003. Effects of seedling and GF-31 rootstocks on yield and fruit quality of some table apricot cultivars grown in Mersin. Turk. J. Agric. For. 27, 261–267.
Sosna. I., Licznar-Małańczuk M., 2012. Growth, yielding and tree survivability of several apricot cultivar on Myrobalan and ‘Wangenheim Prune’ seedlings. Acta. Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus 11(1), 27–37.
Szabó Z., Bubán T., Soltész M., Nyéki J., 1995. Low winter temperature injury to apricot flower buds in Hungary. Acta Hort. 384, 273–276.
Szalay L., Molnár B.P., 2004.The effect of rootstock on the tree size of apricot cultivars. Inter. J. Hort. Sci. 10(3), 57–58.
Szewczuk A., Gudarowska E., 2009. Growth of peach trees on Pumiselect® rootstock, in the first years after planting. J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res. 17(1), 61–66.
Szklarz M., Radajewska B., Klak T., 2011. Effect of tree pruning and crown formation in young apricot (Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.) trees on their growth and yielding. Acta. Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus 10(3), 63–73.
Vachůn Z., 2001. Yield potential of new apricot cultivars and hybrids within the first eight years after planting. Zahradnictví – Hort. Sci. (Prague) 28(2), 41–46.
Vachůn Z., 2002. Evaluation of precocious decline of new apricot (Prunus armeniaca) cultivars and seedlings in the first eight years after planting. Acta Univ. Agri. Sylvi. Mendel. Brunensis. 50(1), 33–44.
Wurm L., 2007. Unterlageneinfluss auf vegetatives und generatives Wachstum, Fruchtqualität und Baumgesundheit bei Marillenspindelerziehung. Mitteilung. Klostern. 57, 51–60.
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
Licencja
Artykuły są udostępniane na zasadach CC BY 4.0 (do 2021 r. na zasadach CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 międzynarodowe).
Przysłanie artykułu do redakcji oznacza, że nie był on opublikowany wcześniej i nie jest rozpatrywany do publikacji gdzie indziej.
Autor podpisuje oświadczenie o oryginalności dzieła, wkładzie poszczególnych osób i źródle finansowania.
