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Agronomy Science Baner text

Vol. 80 No. 2 (2025)

Articles

Heavy metal content in the soil and their phytoremediation by Isopyrum thalictroides L. populations in woodland habitats

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/as.2025.5513
Submitted: March 13, 2025
Published: 08.09.2025

Abstract

The research was conducted in early spring in 2021 and 2022 on four populations of Isopyrum thalictroides. The first one grew in an unpolluted natural forest complex, the other three in small mid-field forest islands. The aim of the research was to assess the content of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni) in the soil and their phytoaccumulation in Isopyrum thalictroides populations occurring in oak-hornbeam habitats with varying intensity of agricultural anthropopression. Plant and soil samples were taken from each site. The content of heavy metals was determined using the optical emission spectrometry method (ICP-OES). The accumulation index was calculated and the SPAD leaf greenness index measurements were analyzed. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the content of metals in plants and soil was varied and depended on the site occupied. The lowest concentration was recorded in plant samples from the compact forest complex, and significantly higher in plant samples taken from the mid-field islands. Similarly, the content of metals in the soil was the lowest in the sample from the forest complex, and higher in samples from the mid-field forest islands. Isopyrum thalictroides accumulates Fe to a moderate degree, and Zn to an intensive degree at all sites. In relation to Mn, Pb, Cr and Ni, it shows an intensive degree of accumulation at site 2 (mid-field island), and average at the remaining sites. On the other hand, the SPAD leaf greenness index was the lowest for the compact forest complex, and significantly higher for the mid-field islands, i.e. better plant nutrition with nitrogen, which indicates the penetration of N compounds into the soils of the mid-field islands. The conducted studies indicate the agricultural origin of increased heavy metal contents in the soil of mid-field forest islands and the possibility of using Isopyrum thalictroides as a bioindicator to assess the degree of heavy metal contamination of oak-hornbeam habitats.

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