Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

Vol. 12 No. 5 (2013)

Articles

THE ROLE OF OATS, COMMON VETCH AND TANSY PHACELIA AS COVER PLANTS IN THE FORMATION OF MICROORGANISMS COMMUNITIES IN THE SOIL UNDER THE CULTIVATION OF ROOT CHICORY (Cichorium intybus var. sativum Bisch.) AND SALSIFY [Tragopogon porrifolius var. sativus (Ga

Submitted: December 16, 2020
Published: 2013-10-31

Abstract

The composition of microorganisms in the cultivation environment is extremely important since it affects the healthiness and hence the yielding of plants. The
purpose of the present studies was to determine the effect of oats, common vetch and tansy phacelia as intercrop cover plants on the formation of microorganisms communities in the soil under the cultivation of root chicory and salsify. Before winter, cover plants formed an abundant green mass, which constituted the natural mulch on the surface of the land managed in two ways: 1) pre-winter ploughing, or 2) spring ploughing. The control was the conventional cultivation of these vegetables, i.e. without any cover plants. The microbiological analysis of the soil showed that regardless of the species of the studied vegetable, the total population of bacteria and the population of bacteria Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were the highest when the soil was mulched with oats. A little fewer of those microorganisms occurred after using the mulch of common vetch or phacelia. On the other hand, the fewest bacteria were obtained as a result of the traditional cultivation of those vegetables. The total population of fungi in the soil mulched with oats was the lowest, whereas the most of fungi occurred in the control. The cultivation system, i.e. performing the spring or pre-winter ploughing, rather had no significant effect on the population of the studied microorganisms in the soil. Among the studied vegetables, the following were most frequently isolated: Alternaria alternata, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium irregulare, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Gliocladium spp., Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. Laboratory tests showed that both the cultivation of root chicory and salsify which included cover crops promoted the development of antagonistic bacteria (Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp.) and fungi (Gliocladium spp., Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp.) better than the traditional cultivation of those vegetables.

References

Abdul-Baki A.A., Teasdale J.R., Goth R.W., Haynes K.G., 2002. Marketable yields of freshmarket tomatoes grown in plastic and hairy vetch mulches. Hort. Sci. 37(6), 878–881.
Adamczewska-Sowińska K., 2004. Zastosowanie żywych ściółek w uprawie pomidora i papryki oraz ich wpływ następczy na plonowanie selera korzeniowego i marchwi jadalnej. Rozpr. hab., AR Wrocław, 131 pp.
Bacon C.W., Hinton D.M., 2002. Endophytic and biological control of Bacillus mojavensis and related species. Biol. Control 23(3), 274–284.
Bending G.D., Lincoln S.D., 2000. Inhibition of soil nitrifying bacterial communities and their activities by glucosinolate hydrolisis products. Soil Biol. Biochem. 32, 1261–1269.
Błażewicz-Woźniak M., 2005. Effect of no-tillage and mulching with cover crops on yield parsley. Folia Hort. 17/2, 3–10.
Borowy A., Jelonkiewicz M., 1999. Zachwaszczenie oraz plonowanie ośmiu gatunków warzyw uprawianych metodą siewu bezpośredniego w mulcz żytni. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk. Rol. 466, 291–300.
Dehestani A., Kazemitabar K., Ahmadian G., Jelodar N.B., Salmanian A.H., Seyedi M., Rahimian H., Ghasemi S., 2010. Chitinolytic and antifungal activity of a Bacillus pumilis chitinase expressed in Arabidopsis. Biotech. Letters 32(4), 539–546.
Elliott L.F., Lynch J.M., 1984. Pseudomonads as a factor in the growth of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Soil Biol. Biochem. 16(1), 67–71.
Jamiołkowska A., Wagner A., 2003. Effect of field pea (Pisum arvense L.) as cover crop on fungal communities from soil environment of tomato and their influence on Fusarium oxysporum growth. Phytopathol. Pol. 30, 37–50.
Kęsik T., Konopiński M., Błażewicz-Woźniak M., 2000. Weed infestation and field of onion and carrot under no-tillage cultivation using four cover crops. Ann. AFPP, Dijon – France, 437–444.
Konopiński M., Kęsik T., Błażewicz-Woźniak M., 2001. Wpływ mulczowania międzyplonowymi roślinami okrywowymi i uprawy zerowej na kształtowanie wilgotności i zagęszczenia gleby. Acta Agroph. 45, 105–116.
Kotliński S., 2001. Przydatność ozimych roślin okrywowych w uprawie warzyw. Ogólnopol. Konf. Nauk. ,,Biologiczne i agrotechniczne kierunki rozwoju warzywnictwa”. Skierniewice, 82–83.
Leary J., DeFrank J., 2000. Living mulches for organic farming systems. Hort. Technol. 10(4), 692–698.
Lemańczyk G., Sadowski Cz., 2002. Fungal communities and health status of roots of winter wheat cultivated after oats and oats mixed with other crops. Bio. Control 47, 349–361.
Mańka K., Mańka M., 1992. A new method for evaluating interaction between soil inhibiting fungi and plant pathogen. Bull. OILB/SROP 15, 73–77.
Martyniuk S., Masiak D., Stachyra A., Myśków W., 1991. Populacje drobnoustrojów strefy korzeniowej różnych traw i ich antagonizm w stosunku do Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Pam. Puł. Pr. IUNG, 98, 139–144.
Mohamed H.A.A., Wafaa M.H., Attallah A.G., 2010. Genetic enhancement of Trichoderma viride to overproduce different hydrolytic enzymes and their biocontrol potentiality against root rot and white mold diseases in bean plants. Agric. Biol. J. North Am. 1(3), 273–284.
Patkowska E., 2005. The effect of biopreparations on the formation of rhizosphere microorganism populations of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 4(2), 89–99.
Patkowska E., 2009. Effect of bio-products on bean yield and bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 18(2), 255–263.
Patkowska E., Konopiński M., 2011. Cover crops and soil-borne fungi dangerous towards the cultivation of salsify [Tragopogon porrifolius var. sativus (Gaterau) Br.]. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 10(2), 167–181.
Pięta D., 1999. Initial studies of populations of fungi and bacteria in the soil under influence of the cultivation of spring wheat and winter wheat in a growth chamber. Acta Agrobot. 52 (1–2), 161–166.
Pięta D., Kęsik T., 2007. The effect of conservation tillage on microorganism communities in the soil under onion cultivation. EJPAU, Horticulture, 10, 1, http://www.ejpau.media.pl.
Pięta D., Patkowska E., 2001. Wpływ wydzielin korzeniowych różnych roślin uprawnych na skład populacji bakterii i grzybów ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem grzybów patogenicznych przeżywających w glebie. Acta Agrobot. 54(1), 93–104.
Pięta D., Patkowska E., 2003. Antagonistic bacteria and fungi limiting potato infection by soilborne pathogenic fungi. J. Plant Prot. Res. 43(2), 97–104.
Smeda R.J., Weller S.C., 1996. Potential of rye (Secale cereale) for weed management in transplanted tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum). Weed. Sci. 112, 936–941.
Smith B.J., Kirkegaard J.A., 2002. In vitro inhibition of soil microorganisms by 2-phenylethylisothiocyanate. Plant Pathol. 51, 585–593.
Smolińska U., 2000. Survival of Sclerotium cepivorum sclerotia and Fusarium oxysporum chlamydospores in soil amended with cruciferous residues. J. Phytopathol. 148, 343–349.
Sobowale A.A., Odebode A.C., Cardwell K.F., Bandyopadhyay R., 2009. Suppression of growth of Fusarium verticillioides Niren. using strains of Trichoderma harzianum from maize (Zea mays) plant parts and its rhizosphere. J. Plant Prot. Res. 49(4), 452–459.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 > >> 

Similar Articles

<< < 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.