Effect of plant density on the yield and quality of flower heads of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.)
BEATA KRÓL
Katedra Roślin Przemysłowych i Leczniczych, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie ul. Akademicka 15, 20-950 LublinAbstract
Poland occupies a prominent place in the cultivation of herbal plants. One of the main species is the marigold, which is widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of plant densities (20, 40, 60, 80 plants per m2) on some morphological features as well as theyield and chemical composition of flower heads. According to the expectations, plants grown in the smallest density (20 plants ∙ m-2) produced the greatest number and mass of inflorescences per plant. Both parameters significantly decreased along with the increased number of plants per square meter. Increasing density did not significantly influence the size of flower heads (with a tendency, however, to diminish the head diameter). The most favourable for the yields of dry flower heads was the density of 40 plants ∙ m-2. Increasing plants density resulted in a decrease of essential oil content but did not affect the level of flavonoids.
Keywords:
Calendula officinalis, plant density, flower head yield, essential oil, flavonoidsReferences
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Katedra Roślin Przemysłowych i Leczniczych, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie ul. Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin
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