DETERMINATION OF NUTRITIONAL AND BIOACTIVE PROPERTIES IN SOME SELECTED WILD GROWING AND CULTIVATED MUSHROOMS FROM TURKEY

Nezahat Turfan

Kastamonu University, Sciences and Arts Faculty, Department of Biology, Kastamonu, Turkey

Aysun Pekşen

Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Samsun, Turkey

Beyhan Kibar

Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Department of Horticulture, Bolu, Turkey

Sabri Ünal

Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Kastamonu, Turkey

Abstract

This study aimed determining the contents of soluble protein, free amino acid, phenolic, flavonoid, soluble carbohydrate, sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) and elements in selected wild growing and cultivated mushroom species collected from various locations of Turkey. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found for the contents of total free amino acid, soluble protein, phenolic, flavonoid, soluble carbohydrate and sugars. The total free amino acid, soluble protein, phenolic, flavonoid and soluble carbohydrate contents of mushrooms ranged from 33.57–126.57 mg g^–1, 2.77–7.55 mg g^–1, 28.68–157.39 mg g^–1, 8.55–30.66 mg g^–1 and 59.89–343.55 mg g^–1, respectively. Elemental analysis showed that mushrooms contained significant amounts of potassium (1345.07–9310.17 mg kg^–1), phosphorus (1462.44–6159.45 mg kg^–1), calcium (18.78–349.15 mg kg^–1), sulphur (952.41–12486.63 mg kg^–1), iron (80.62–606.26 mg kg^–1), manganese (22.65–147.57 mg kg^–1), zinc (103.26–522.81 mg kg^–1) and selenium (0–115.40 mg kg^–1). Nutritient composition varied with mushroom species. The means of total soluble protein, total phenolic, total flavonoid, potassium, phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine, sodium, iron, calcium, manganese, selenium, zinc and copper contents in wild growing mushrooms were found higher than cultivated mushrooms.

Keywords:

mushrooms, soluble protein, free amino acids, phenolic and flavonoid, soluble carbohydrate, minerals