EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF Thrips nigropilosus Uzel (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) ON Mentha × piperita L. AND THE IMPACT OF PEST ON THE HOST PLANT

Halina Kucharczyk

Department of Zoology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland

Marek Kucharczyk

Department of Nature Protection, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland

Krystyna Winiarczyk

Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland

Magdalena Lubiarz

Department of Environmental Protection and Landscape Preservation, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1H, 20-708 Lublin, Poland

Dorota Tchórzewska

Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland


Abstract

Thrips nigropilosus Uzel is a polyphagous species occurring mainly in temperate climates. Its life cycle de- pends on photoperiodic and temperature conditions. T. nigropilosus feeds on different plant species, but it is considered one of the most serious pests of pyrethrum plants causing serious economic problems. However, several additional agricultural host plants have been affected by T. nigropilosus, including spearmint, cu- cumber, and lettuce, indicating that this insect can significantly widen its habitats and occurs especially frequently in greenhouses. We report that T. nigropilosus massively attacked Mentha × piperita L. cultivated in greenhouses in central Poland and destroyed the entire mint crops within a short time. The study provided insight into the harmful effect of the thrips and showed that the length of the thrips developmental cycle was reduced with temperature increases from 18 to 26.6°C. The lower threshold temperatures were 13.7, 10.2, 5.0, and 10.1 for eggs, larvae, pupae, and total development, respectively, and the thermal constant for the same developmental stages was 65.9, 90, 132.5, and 284.9-degree days. Both parameters were estimated by linear regression analysis. During our experiment, T. nigropilosus developed by thelytokous parthenogenesis. The morphological and anatomical changes in damaged plants were associated with the fact that the insect began feeding on the lower lamina surface close to the leaf midribs, but no damage to vascular bundles and glandular cells was observed.

Keywords:

chrysanthemum thrips, feeding, life cycle, Mentha × piperita, morphology, mint anatomy

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Published
2019-06-18



Halina Kucharczyk 
Department of Zoology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
Marek Kucharczyk 
Department of Nature Protection, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
Krystyna Winiarczyk 
Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
Magdalena Lubiarz 
Department of Environmental Protection and Landscape Preservation, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1H, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
Dorota Tchórzewska 
Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland



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