Effectiveness of mineral-vitamin supplement to complementary feed mixture for dairy cattle nutrition
RENATA KLEBANIUK
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 LublinMACIEJ BĄKOWSKI
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 LublinMAGDALENA OLCHA
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 LublinAbstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the commercial complementary feedstuff inclusion into dairy cow nutrition on milk yield and quality. The studies were carried out in a specialized farm for 24 months. The research involved the cows with daily milk production exceeding 20 kg which, having obtained the intended milk yield, were selected successively on the basis of analogues into two treatment groups: control (C) and experimental (E). The experimental factor was a commercial mixture supplement (MS) incorporated into a TMR fed to the E cow group. During the study, the composition, quality and nutritional value of the administered feedstuffs (every 2 months) as well as the yield, composition and quality of cow milk (once a month) were analyzed. The present research indicated a significantly increased milk production efficiency of the cows fed a diet with MS addition of 50 g/day/animal at lactation. The application of the experimental mixture reduced the somatic cell counts (SCC) in milk by ca. 25%. Feed additive inclusion at the amount of 50 g daily per lactating animal is recommended to promote the cow health state, especially the mammary gland, and thus, to improve quality of the obtained milk.
Keywords:
cow, feeding, mineral-vitamin supplement, yield, milk quality, somatic cellReferences
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AOAC, 2005. Official Methods of Analysis. International. 17th Ed. AOAC Inter., Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Bartnikowska E., 1992. Powstawanie wolnych rodników tlenowych i skutki ich działania u zwierząt. Med. Wet. 48, 4, 173–179.
Bednarek D., 1998. Rola cynku w procesach odpornościowych u zwierząt. Med. Wet. 44, 92–95.
Bouwstra R.J., Nielen M., Stegeman J.A., Dobbelaar P., Newbold J.R., Jansen E.H.J.M., van Werven T., 2010. Vitamin E supplementation during the dry period in dairy cattle. Part I: Adverse effect on incidence of mastitis postpartum in a double-blind randomized field trial. J.
airy Sci. 93, 5684–5695.
Danków R., Cais–Sokolińska D., 2003. Problem komórek somatycznych w mleku. Hod. Byd. Trz. Chlew. 2, 4–8.
Enjalbert F., Lebreton P., Salat O., 2006. Effects of copper, zinc and selenium status on performance and health in commercial dairy and beef herds: Retrospective study. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 90, 459–466.
Erdman R.A., Piperova L.S., Kohn R.A., 2011. Corn silage versus corn silage: Alfalfa hay mixtures for dairy cows: Effects of dietary potassium, calcium, and cation-anion difference. J. Dairy Sci. 94, 5105–5110.
Erskine R.J., Bartlett P.C., 1993. Serum concentrations of copper, iron, and zinc during Escherichia coli-induced mastitis. J. Dairy Sci. 76, 408–413.
Holwerd R.A., Albin R.C., Madsen F.C., 1995. Chelation effectiveness of zinc proteinates demonstrated. Feedstuffs 67, 12–13.
IZ PIB-INRA, 2009. Normy żywienia bydła, owiec i kóz. Zalecane normy i tabele wartości pokarmowej pasz. IZ Balice.
Jamroz D., Podkówka W., Chachułowa J., 2006. Żywienie zwierząt i paszoznawstwo, t. 3. Wyd. PWN, Warszawa.
Kamieniecki H., Wójcik J., Kwiatek A., Skrzypek R., 2004. Czynniki oddziaływające na jakość higieniczną mleka zbiorczego. Med. Wet. 60, 3, 323–326.
Kinal S., 1999. Krajowe surowce mineralne i ich wpływ na wykorzystanie wapnia, fosforu, magnezu, cynku i miedzi przez młode bydło opasowe. Zesz. Nauk. AR we Wrocławiu 352, Rozprawy 160, 1–105.
Kincaid R.L., Lefebvre L.E., Cronrath J.D., Socha M.T., Johnson A.B., 2003. Effect of dietary cobalt supplementation on cobalt metabolism and performance of dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 86, 1405–1414.
Klebaniuk R., Grela E.R., 2008. Efektywność różnych źródeł cynku i miedzi w żywieniu krów. Med. Wet. 64 (10), 1252–1255.
Kowalski Z. M., Kamiński J., 1999. Niektóre aspekty żywienia krów wysokowydajnych. Materiały 28 Sesji Żywienia Zwierząt: „Potrzeby pokarmowe wysokowydajnych zwierząt fermowych”. Krynica 8–10.09.1999, 13–31.
Lippolis J.D., 2011. The impact of calcium and vitamin d on the immune systems. Mid-South Ruminant Nutrition Conf., Grapevine, TX, 29–34.
Majewski T., Krukowski H., Różański P., 2000. Przyczyny, objawy i zwalczanie mastitis u krów. Mag. Wet. 9, 48, 29–31.
Malinowski E., Kłossowska A., 1999. Mastitis u cielnych jałówek. Med. Wet. 55, 10, 651–654.
Nocek J.E., Socha M.T., Tomlinson D.J., 2006. The effect of trace mineral fortification level and source on performance of dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 89, 2679–2693.
Oldham E.R., Eberhart R.J., Muller L.D., 1991. Effects of supplemental vitamin A and B-carotene during the dry period and early lactation on udder health. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 3775–3781.
Peterson J., Dwyer J., 1998. Flavonoids. Dietary occurrence and biochemical activity. Nutr. Res. 18, 2, 1995–2018.
Sales J., Homolka P., Koukolova V., 2010. Effect of dietary rumen-protected choline on milk production of dairy cows: A meta-analysis. J. Dairy Sci. 93, 3746–3754.
Sawa A., 2004. Warunki utrzymania i doju krów oraz ich wpływ na liczbę komórek somatycznych w mleku. Med. Wet. 60, 4, 424–427.
Sawa A., Chmielnik H., Bogucki M., Cieślak M., 2000. Wpływ wybranych czynników pozagenetycznych na wydajność, skład i zawartość komórek somatycznych w mleku wysokowydajnych krów. Zesz. Nauk. Prz. Hod. 51, 165–170.
Siciliano-Jones J.L., Socha M.T., Tomlinson D.J., DeFrain J.M., 2008. Effect of trace mineral source on lactation performance, claw integrity, and fertility of dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 91, 1985–1995.
Smith K.L., Hogan J.S., Weiss W.P., 1997. Dietary vitamin E and selenium affect mastitis and milk quality. J. Anim. Sci. 75, 1659–1665.
Studziński T., Matras J., Grela E.R., Valverde Piedra J.L., Truchliński J., Tatara M.R., 2006. Minerals: functions, requirements, excessive intake and toxicity. W: R. Mosenthin, J. Zentek, T. Żebrowska. Biology of Nutrition in Growing Animals. Elsevier, Edinburgh, 467–509.
Szulc T., Preś J., Gawlicz B., Zachwieja A., 1992. Analiza użytkowości mlecznej w zależności od dodatków paszowych i antybiotyków stosowanych w żywieniu krów. Rocz. Nauk. Zoot. 31, 31–40.
Weiss W.P., Pinos-Rodríguez J.M., Socha M.T., 2010. Effects of feeding supplemental organic iron to late gestation and early lactation dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 93, 2153–2160.
Weiss W.P., Hogan J. S., Smith K. L., Hoblet K.H., 1990. Relationships among selenium, vitamin E, and mammary gland health in commercial dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 73, 381–390.
Whitaker D.A., Eayres H.F., Aitchison K., Kelly J.M., 1997. No effect of the dietary zinc proteinate on clinical mastitis, infection rate, recovery rate and somatic cell count in dairy cows. Vet. J. 153, 197–204.
RENATA KLEBANIUK
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin
MACIEJ BĄKOWSKI
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin
MAGDALENA OLCHA
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin
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