Abstract
Crossbreeding is a multi-stage process with inherent challenges and risks in developing new varieties. Success hinges on selecting highly fertile parents. In species like lisianthus, uncertainty persists regarding the optimal methods for assessing pollen quality, which is crucial for evaluating pollen parent fertility. This study seeks to identify the most reliable techniques for this purpose. Fresh and dead pollen from four lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) varieties was used. The dead pollen was obtained by thermal inactivation. Five chemical staining methods (iodine-potassium iodide, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride – TTC, lactophenol cotton blue, safranin, acetocarmine) were employed to assess pollen viability, and two biological methods (Petri dishes, hanging drops) were used to determine the germination rate. Four solid medium cultures were employed in Petri dishes, while the hanging drop utilised four liquid medium cultures. Thirteen tests were conducted for each variety, evaluating fresh and dead pollen. The study found significant variations in pollen quality among lisianthus varieties and methods. Fresh pollen showed viability rates ranging from 56.87% to 99.41% and germination rates from 0.20% to 45.11%. TTC exhibited the lowest viability rate across all varieties, while the highest germination rate was observed in the liquid culture medium with only boric acid and PEG1500. Notably, TTC was the sole viability method that did not stain dead pollen, and no germination occurred in any method for dead pollen. TTC is the most reliable staining method, and a liquid culture medium with boric acid and PEG1500 effectively determines lisianthus pollen quality. Varying boric acid and PEG1500 concentrations are advisable.
References
- Abdelgadir, H.A., Johonson, S.D., Van Staden, J. (2012). Pollen viability, pollen germination and pollen tube growth in the biofuel seed crop Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae). S. Afr. J. Bot., 79, 132–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2011.10.005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2011.10.005
- Bolat, İ., Güleryüz, B. (1994). Bazı kayısı çeşitlerinde çiçek tozu canlılık ve çimlenme düzeyleri ile bunlar arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma [A study on the determination of pollen viability and germination and their interaction of some apricot cultivars]. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(3), 344–353.
- Bolat, İ., Pırlak, L. (1999). An investigation on pollen viability, germination and tube growth in some stone fruits. Turk. J. Agric. Forest., 23, 383–388.
- Erbaş, S, Alagöz, M, Baydar, H. (2015). Research on flower morphology and pollen viability of oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.). J. Fac. Agric. 10(2), 40–50.
- Eti, S. (1990). Çiçek tozu miktarını belirlemede kullanılan pratik bir yöntem [A practical method for the determination of pollen production]. Çukurova Üniv. Ziraat Fakültesi Der. 5(4), 49–58.
- Eti, S. (1991). Determination of pollen viability and germination capability of some fruit species and cultivars by different in vitro tests. Çukurova Univ. J. Agric. Fac., 6, 69–80.
- Farooq, A., Khan, M.A., Riaz, A., Younis, A., Butt, S.J., Nadeem, M. (2013). Compatibility evaluation of various scented rosa species through cross pollination. Int. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 13(2), 21–27.
- Farooq, A., Lei, S., Nadeem, M., Asif, A., Akhtar, G., Butt, S.Ş. (2016). Cross compatibility in various scented Rosa species breeding. Pakistan J. Agric. Sci., 53(4), 863–869.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21162/PAKJAS/16.1817
- Fragallah, S.A.D.A., Lin, S., Li, N., Ligat, E.J., Chen, Y. (2019). Effects of sucrose, boric acid, pH, and incubation time on in vitro germination of pollen and tube growth of chinese fir (Cunnighamial lanceolata L.). Forests, 10(2), 102. https://doi.org/10.3390/f10020102
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/f10020102
- Giovannini, A., Macovei, A., Donà, M., Valassi, A., Caser, M., Mansuino, A., Balestrazzi, A. (2013). Pollen grain preservation at low temperatures in valuable commercial rose cultivars. In: VI International Symposium on Rose Research and Cultivation, 1064, 63–66.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1064.7
- Hong-Qi, Z., Croes, A.F. (1982). A new medium for pollen germination in vitro. Acta Bot. Neerl., 31(1/2), 113–119.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1982.tb01597.x
- Huang, J., Zhao, X., Cheng, K., Jiang, Y., Ouyang, Y., Xu, C., Li, X., Xiao, J., Zhang, Q. (2013). OsAP65, a rice aspartic protease, is essential for male fertility and plays a role in pollen germination and pollen tube growth. J. Exp. Bot., 64(11), 3351–3360. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert173
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert173
- İmrak, B. (2010). Bazı kiraz çeşitlerinin subtropik iklim koşullarındaki performansları ve çoklu dişi organ oluşumu sorununun çözümüne ilişkin araştırmalar [Performances of some sweet cherry cultivars (Prunus avium L.) under the subtropical climatic conditions and researches to the solution of multiple pistil]. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi. 193.
- Jayaprakash, P. (2018). Pollen germination in vitro. In: Pollination in plants, Mokwala P.W. (ed.). Intech Open, 81, 81–96.
- Jiang, Y., Bueckert, R.A., Warkentin, T.D., Davis, A.R. (2017). High temperature effects on in vitro pollen germination and seed set in field pea. Canad. J. Plant Sci., 98, 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2017-0073
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/CJPS-2017-0073
- Kalyoncu, İ.H., Ersoy, N., Yılmaz, M. (2013). Determination of pollen viability germination and production of selected K-3 cornellian cherry (Cornus mas L.) type. Manas J. Agric. Life Sci., 3(1), 39–45.
- Li, M., Jiang, F., Huang, L., Wang, H., Song, W., Zhang, X., Niu, L. (2023). Optimization of in vitro germination, viability tests and storage of paeonia ostii pollen. Plants, 12(13), 2460. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12132460
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12132460
- Lin, Y., Wang, Y., Iqbal, A., Shi, P., Li, J., Yang, Y., Lei, X. (2017). Optimization of culture medium and temperature for the in vitro germination of oil palm pollen. Sci. Hortic., 220, 134–138.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.03.040
- Macovei, A., Caser, M., Mattia, D.O.N.À., Valassi, A., Giovannini, A., Carbonera, D., Balestrazzi, A. (2016). Prolonged cold storage affects pollen viability and germination along with hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide content in Rosa hybrida. Not. Bot. Horti Agrobot. Cluj-Napoca, 44(1), 6–10.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha44110357
- Martins, E.S., Davide, L.M.C., Miranda, G.J., Barizon, J.D.O., Souza, F.D.A., Carvalho, R.P.D., Gonçalves, M.C. (2016). In vitro pollen viability of maize cultivars at different times of collection. Ciência Rural, 47(2), e20151077.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20151077
- Melloni, M.L.G., Scarpari, M.S., Mendonça, J.R., Perecin, D., Landell, M.G.A., Pinto, L.R. (2013). Comparison of two staining methods for pollen viability studies in Sugarcane. Sugar Tech., 15(1), 103–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-012-0185-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-012-0185-6
- Nadeem, M., Akond, M., Riaz, A., Qasim, M., Younis, A., Farooq, A. (2013). Pollen morphology and viability relates to seed production in hybrid roses. Plant Breed. Seed Sci., 68, 25–38.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10129-011-0078-y
- Pacini, E., Dolferus, R. (2019). Pollen developmental arrest: maintaining pollen fertility in a world with a changing climate. Front. Plant Sci., 10, 679. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00679
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00679
- Parfitt, D.E., Ganeshan, S. (1989). Comparison of procedures for estimating viabilitiy of Prunus polen. HortScience, 24 (2), 354–356.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.24.2.354
- Paydaş, S., Eti, S., Kaşka, N., Sayılıkan, G. (1996). Pozantı ekolojik koşullarında yetiştirilen bazı kiraz çeşitlerinde çiçek tozu canlılık ve çimlenme yetenekleri ile üretim miktarlarının belirlenmesi [Determination of flower powder viability, germination ability and production amount of some cherry cultivars grown in Pozantı ecological conditions.]. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(3), 149–160.
- Rodriguez-Enriquez, M.J., Mehdi, S., Dickinson, H.G., Grant-Downton, R.T. (2013). A novel method for efficient in vitro germination and tube growth of Arabidopsis thaliana pollen. New Phyt., 197, 668–679.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12037
- Royal Flora Holland, (2023). Annual reports 2022. https://www.royalfloraholland.com/en/press-releases/annual-report-2022 [date of access: 21.05.2023].
- Saarela, J.M. (2012). Taxonomic synopsis of invasive and native Spartina (Poaceae, Chloridoideae) in the Pacific Northwest (British Columbia, Washington and Oregon), including the first report of Spartina × townsendii for British Columbia, Canada. PhytoKeys, 10(10), 25–82.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.10.2734
- Sanşili, Ç. (2014). Bazı elma ve kiraz çeşitlerinde çiçek tozu performanslarının belirlenmesi [Determination of pollen performances of some apple and cherry cultivars]. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, 70, Tekirdağ.
- Şensoy, A.S., Ercan, N., Ayar, F., Temirkaynak, M. (2003). Cucurbitaceae familyasındaki bazı sebze türlerinde çiçek tozlarının bazı morfolojik özellikleri ile canlılıklarının belirlenmesi [Determination of pollen performances of some apple and cherry cultivars]. Akdeniz Univ. J. Fac. Agric., 16(1), 1–6.
- Shivanna, K.R., Sawhney, V.K. (1995). Polyethylene glycol improves the in vitro growth of Brassica pollen tubes without loss in germination. J. Experim. Bot., 46(11),1771–1774.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/46.11.1771
- Soares, T.L., Jesus, O.N.D., Santos-Serejo, J.A.D., Oliveira, E.J.D. (2013). In vitro pollen germination and pollen viability in passion fruit (Passiflora spp.). Rev. Bras. Frutic., 35, 1116–1126.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-29452013000400023
- Stanley, R.G., Linskens H.F. (1974). Pollen: biology, biochemistry and management. NewYork: Berlin-Heidelberg.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65905-8
- Tingting, X. (2009). Measurement and marker trait association analysis of pollen viability in the K5 tetraploid rose population. Thesis, Department of Plant Breeding Wageningen University.
- Tushabe, D., Rosbakh, S. (2021). A compendium of in vitro germination media for pollen research. Front. Plant Sci., 12, 709945.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.709945
- Velasco-Ramírez, A., Villegas-Lozano, M., Velasco-Ramírez, A.P., Hernández-Herrera, R.M., Hernández-Pérez, A.R., García-Sahagún, M.L., Torres-Morán, M.I. (2022). Effect of daminozide on the growth and flowering of Eustoma grandiflorum propagated in potted. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 21(3), 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2022.3.7
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2022.3.7
- Wang, Z-Y, Ge, Y., Scott, M., Spangenberg, G. (2004). Viability and longevity of pollen from transgenic and nontransgenic tall fescue (festuca arundinacea) (poaceae) plants. Am. J. Bot., 91(4), 523–530.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.91.4.523
- Wang, Q., Zhang, Y., Kawabata, S., Li, Y. (2011). Double fertilization and embryogenesis of Eustoma grandiflorum. J. Japan. Soc. Hortic. Sci., 80(3), 351–357.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs1.80.351
- Wani, T.A., Pandith, S.A., Rana, S., Bhat, W.W., Dhar, N., Razdan, S., Chandra, S., Kitchlu, S., Sharma, N., Lattoo, S.K. (2015). Promiscuous breeding behaviour in relation to reproductive successin Grewia asiatica L. (Malvaceae). Flora, 62–71.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2014.11.002
- Zhao, H., Chen, F., Fang, W. (2005). Pollen germination in vitro of chrysanthemum cultivars with small inflorescences and several species of Dendranthema. J. Nanjing Agric. Univ., 28(2), 22–27.
- Zhao, H., Chen, F., Wang, Y., Chen, S., Fang, W., Guo, W. (2008). Study on pollen viability, longevity, and pistil receptivity of self-compatible Chrysanthemum with small inflorescences. XXVII International Horticultural Congress-IHC2006: International Symposium on Ornamentals, ISHS Acta Horticulturae 766, Korea (Seoul), March 31, 402–415.
- Zlesak, D.C. (2007). Rose. Rosa × hybrida. In: Flower breeding and genetics. Issues, challenges and opportunities for the 21st century. Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands, 695–740.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4428-1_26
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
-
Katarzyna Sułkowska-Ziaja,
Bożena Muszyńska,
Alicja Gawalska,
Kinga Sałaciak,
Laetiporus sulphureus – CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND MEDICINAL VALUE
,
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus: Vol. 17 No. 1 (2018)
-
Monika Grzeszczuk,
Aneta Wesołowska,
Anna Stefaniak,
BIOLOGICAL VALUE AND ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION OF TWO Monarda SPECIES FLOWERS
,
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus: Vol. 19 No. 4 (2020)
-
Elżbieta Paduch-Cichal,
Tomasz Krupa,
Ewa Mirzwa-Mróz,
Marek Stefan Szyndel,
Karol Staniszewski,
Wojciech Kukuła,
Elżbieta Mielniczuk,
Marcin Wit,
Wojciech Wakuliński,
Effect of virus infection on the fruit quality of sour cherry cultivar Łutówka
,
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus: Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024)
-
Ivana S Glišić,
Dragan P. Milatović,
Nebojša T. Milošević,
Slađana A. Marić,
Milan M. Lukić,
Branko T. Popović,
The PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF PROMISING PLUM (Prunus domestica L.) GENOTYPES BRED AT FRUIT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, ČAČAK
,
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus: Vol. 20 No. 2 (2021)
-
Ersin Demir,
The fatty acid composition, phytochemicals and antioxidant potential of wild edible Smilax excelsa L. shoots.
,
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus: Vol. 22 No. 1 (2023)
-
Aykut Topdemir,
Abayhan Buran,
Determination of antioxidant activity and phenolic and flavonoid content of Ocimum basilicum L. callus cultures obtained by different plant growth regulators
,
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus: Vol. 22 No. 2 (2023)
-
Robert Gruszecki,
Barbara Mysiak,
Magdalena Ewelina Walasek,
Effect of drying temperature on the bioactive compounds content of rose hips (Rosa canina L.)
,
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus: Vol. 23 No. 3 (2024)
-
Bugrahan Emsen,
Muhammet Dogan,
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF IN VITRO PROPAGATED MEDICINAL CERATOPHYLLUM DEMERSUM L. EXTRACTS
,
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus: Vol. 17 No. 1 (2018)
-
ANDRZEJ BOROWY,
MAGDALENA KAPŁAN,
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BORAGE (Borago officinalis L.) SEEDS
,
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus: Vol. 19 No. 6 (2020)
-
Memnune Sengul,
Derya Sener,
Sezai Ercisli,
THE DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITIES AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ROSA (Rosa damascena Mill.) PRODUCTS
,
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus: Vol. 16 No. 4 (2017)
<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.