BIODIVERSITY OF FUNGI INHABITING THE HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY STEMS
Mariusz Szmagara
University of Life Sciences in LublinAbstract
The aim of the work was to examine the health status of 11 highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars cropped on the plantations in a south-eastern region of Poland as well as to determine the composition of fungus species colonizing their stems. The performed observations of health status indicated that stems with disease symptoms were found on almost all bushes. Three types of symptoms were found: spots on stems, from which mainly Topospora myrtilli was isolated, widespread stem necrosis inhabited by Phomopsis archeri and necrosis of stem tops caused by Botrytis cinerea. Moreover, the following isolates of fungi were obtained Cytospora, Phoma, Fusarium, Alternaria and Seimatosporium vaccinii, Myxothyrium leptideum and Sordaria fimicola. It was confirmed that the most malignant pathogen of highbush blueberry in the studied region was Topospora myrtilli.
Keywords:
Vaccinium corymbosum, Topospora myrtilli, diseases, fungiReferences
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Stiles C.M., Oudemans P.V., 1999. Distribution of cranberry fruit-rotting fungi in New Jersey and evidence for nonspecific host resistance. Phytopathology 89, 218–225.
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Stromeng G.M., Stensvand A., 2001. Susceptibility of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars to Godronia canker (Godronia cassandrae f. sp. vaccinii) in Norway. Gartenbauwissenschaft 66 (2), 78–84.
Sutton B.C., 1980. The Coelomycetes. Fungi Imperfecti with Picnidia, Acervuli and Stroma. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England, 696 pp.
Szmagara M., 2008. Possibilities of growth and development suppression of Topospora myrtilli (Feltg.) Boerema on artificial media and stems of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 7(3), 103–111.
Szmagara M., Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., 2005. Grzyby porażające pędy borówki wysokiej (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Progress in Plant Protection 45 (2), 1130–1133.
Weideman G.J., Boone D.M., 1983. Incidence and pathogenicity of Phyllosticta vaccinii and Botryosphaeria vaccinii on cranberry. Plant Disease 67 (10), 1090–1093.
Weingartner D.P., Klos E.J., 1975. Etiology and Symptomatology of Canker and Dieback Disease of Highbush Blueberries Caused by Godronia (Fusicoccum) cassandrae and Diaporthe (Phomopsis) vaccinii. Phytopathology 65, 105–110.
Zalewska E., 1999. Monilia spp. the pathogens of fruit plants. Annales UMCS, Horticultura, s. EEE, VII, 137–144.
Borecki Z., Pliszka K., 1978. Zgorzel pędów borówki wysokiej wywołana przez grzyb Godronia cassandrae (Peck.) Groves. Acta Agrobot. XXXI (1/2), 159–171.
De Vries G.A., 1952. Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Cladosporium. Baarn, 121 pp.
Ellis M.B., 1971. Dematiaceous, Hyphomycetes. Com. Myc. Inst., Kew, Surrey, England, 608 pp.
Farr D.F., Bills G.F., Chamuris G.P., Rossman A.Y., 1995. Fungi on plants and plant products in the United States. APS Press (Am. Phytopathol. Soc.), St. Paul, Minnesota, USA, 1252 pp.
Gabler J., Kačergius A., Jovaišienè Z., 2004. Detection of Phomopsis vaccinii on Blueberry and Cranberry in Europe by Direct Tissue Blot Immunoassay and Plate-Trapped Antigen ELISA. J. Phytopath. 152, 630.
Gilman J.C., 1957. A manual of soil fungi. The Iowa State Coll. Press., USA, 450 pp.
De Gruyter J., Noordeloos M.E., 1992. Contributions towards a monograph of Phoma (Coelomycetes) – I. 1. Section Phoma: Taxa with very small conidia in vitro. Persoonia 15 (1), 71–92.
Henlin R.T., 1992. Illustrated Genera of Ascomycetes with drawings by Colour Gubbins Hahn APS Press (Am. Phytopathol. Soc.) St. Paul, Minesota, Third Printing, 263 pp.
Jaime R., Montealegre A., Nancy M., Andrade S., 1988. Seimatosporium lichenicola (Cda.) Shoemaker et Müller: nuevo patogeno del frambueso (Rubus idaeus L.) en la 10 region de Chile. Agricultura Technica 48 (3), 252-254.
Kačergius A., Gabler J., Jovaišienè Z., 2004. Determination of Phomopsis canker and dieback of highbush blueberries and cranberries in Lithuania. Agronomies Vēstis. Latvian J. Agron. 7. Jelgava, 71–78.
Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., 1998a. Studies on Botrytis cinerea Pers. occurring on Hazel. Annales Agric. Sci. 27 (1/2), 5–12.
Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., 1998b. Antagonistic activity of epiphytic fungi from grapevine against Botrytis cinerea Pers. Phytopathol. Polonica 16, 45–52.
Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., Kuropatwa E., 1991. Fungi infecting fruit of some grapevine cultivars in field condition. Fruit Sci. Rep. XVIII (2), 91–96.
Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., Zalewska E., 2000. Grzyby występujące na nadziemnych organach leszczyny [w:] Monitoring grzybów. M. Lisiewska i M. Ławrynowicz (red.). Sekcja Mikologiczna BTN, Poznań-Łódź, 153–166.
Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., Zalewska E., 2001. Grzyby zasiedlające nadziemne organy borówki wysokiej – Vaccinium corymbosum L. Ogólnop. Nauk. Konf. Ochrony Roślin Sadowniczych. ISiK, Skierniewice, 22–23 lutego 2001, 213–215.
Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., Zalewska E., Szmagara M., 2002. Topospora myrtilli (Feltg.) Boerema groźnym patogenem borówki wysokiej na Lubelszczyźnie. Zesz. Nauk. AR w Krakowie, 387. Sesja Naukowa 82, 151–154.
Milholland R.D., 1982. Blueberry twig blight caused by Phomopsis vaccinii. Plant Disease 66 (11), 1034–1036.
Milholland R.D., Daykin M.E., 1983. Blueberry fruit rot caused by Phomopsis vaccinii. Plant Disease 67, 325–326.
Nelson P.E., Toussoun T.A., Marasas W.F.O., 1983. Fusarium species. An illustrated manual for identification. The Pennsylv. St. Univ. Press., Univ. Park and London, 193 pp.
Oudemans P.V., Caruso F.L., Stretch A.W., 1998. Cranberry fruit rot in the Northeast a complex disease. Plant Disease 82 (11), 1176–1184.
Pidopličko H.M., 1978. Griby parazity kulturnych restenij. T. 3. Piknidialnye griby. Naukowa Dumka, Kijów, 823 pp.
Raiłło A., 1950. Griby roda Fusarium. Gosudarstv. Izd. Selskochz., Moskwa, 415 pp.
Ramirez C., 1982. Manual and atlas of the Penicillia. Elsevier Biomedical Press., Oxford, 874 pp.
Rifai M.A., 1969. A revision of the genus Trichoderma. Kew, Surrey, England, 56 pp.
Rossman A.Y., Palm M.E., Spielman L.J., 1987. A Literature Guide for the Identification of Plant Pathogenic Fungi. APS PRESS. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, Minnesota, 252 pp.
Seaver F.J., 1961. Phyllostictales. Phyllostictaceae (Pers.) North America Flora, 6, 84 pp.
Shoemaker R.A., 1964. Seimatosporium (=Cryptostictis) parasites of Rosa, Vitis, and Cornus. Can. J. Bot. 42, 1297–1301.
Shoemaker R.A., Müller E., 1964. Generic correlations and concepts: Clathridium (=Griphosphaeria) and Seimatosporium (=Sporocadus). Can. J. Bot. 42, 403–410.
Stiles C.M., Oudemans P.V., 1999. Distribution of cranberry fruit-rotting fungi in New Jersey and evidence for nonspecific host resistance. Phytopathology 89, 218–225.
Stojanovič S., 1986. Mikoflora suvih lastara vinove loze. Zaštitba bilja 37 (2), 176, 153–168.
Stromeng G.M., Stensvand A., 2001. Susceptibility of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars to Godronia canker (Godronia cassandrae f. sp. vaccinii) in Norway. Gartenbauwissenschaft 66 (2), 78–84.
Sutton B.C., 1980. The Coelomycetes. Fungi Imperfecti with Picnidia, Acervuli and Stroma. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England, 696 pp.
Szmagara M., 2008. Possibilities of growth and development suppression of Topospora myrtilli (Feltg.) Boerema on artificial media and stems of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 7(3), 103–111.
Szmagara M., Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., 2005. Grzyby porażające pędy borówki wysokiej (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Progress in Plant Protection 45 (2), 1130–1133.
Weideman G.J., Boone D.M., 1983. Incidence and pathogenicity of Phyllosticta vaccinii and Botryosphaeria vaccinii on cranberry. Plant Disease 67 (10), 1090–1093.
Weingartner D.P., Klos E.J., 1975. Etiology and Symptomatology of Canker and Dieback Disease of Highbush Blueberries Caused by Godronia (Fusicoccum) cassandrae and Diaporthe (Phomopsis) vaccinii. Phytopathology 65, 105–110.
Zalewska E., 1999. Monilia spp. the pathogens of fruit plants. Annales UMCS, Horticultura, s. EEE, VII, 137–144.
Mariusz Szmagara
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
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